Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
Ecol Lett. 2019 Apr;22(4):645-653. doi: 10.1111/ele.13225. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
Evidence that organisms evolve rapidly enough to alter ecological dynamics necessitates investigation of the reciprocal links between ecology and evolution. Data that link genotype to phenotype to ecology are needed to understand both the process and ecological consequences of rapid evolution. Here, we quantified the suite of elements in individuals (i.e., ionome) and differences in the fluxes of key nutrients across populations of threespine stickleback. We find that allelic variation associated with freshwater adaptation that controls bony plating is associated with changes in the ionome and nutrient recycling. More broadly, we find that adaptation of marine stickleback to freshwater conditions shifts the ionomes of natural populations and populations raised in common gardens. In both cases ionomic divergence between populations was primarily driven by differences in trace elements rather than elements typically associated with bone. These findings demonstrate the utility of ecological stoichiometry and the importance of ionome-wide data in understanding eco-evolutionary dynamics.
证据表明，生物进化的速度足以改变生态动力学，这就需要研究生态学和进化之间的相互联系。需要将基因型与表型与生态学联系起来的数据，以便了解快速进化的过程和生态后果。在这里，我们量化了个体（即离子组）中的元素组合以及三刺鱼种群中关键养分通量的差异。我们发现，与控制骨板的淡水适应性相关的等位基因变异与离子组和营养物质再循环的变化有关。更广泛地说，我们发现，海洋棘鱼对淡水条件的适应会改变自然种群和共同花园中饲养的种群的离子组。在这两种情况下，种群之间的离子组差异主要是由微量元素的差异而不是通常与骨骼相关的元素驱动的。这些发现证明了生态化学计量学的实用性以及离子组广泛数据在理解生态进化动态中的重要性。
