a Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2019;15(6):1357-1378. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1578922. Epub 2019 Mar 20.
Enterotoxigenic (ETEC) is a major cause of travelers' diarrhea and of diarrhea among young children in developing countries. Experimental challenge studies in adult volunteers have played a pivotal role in establishing ETEC as an enteric pathogen, elucidating its pathogenesis by identifying specific virulence attributes, characterizing the human immune response to clinical and sub-clinical ETEC infection and assessing preliminarily the clinical acceptability, immunogenicity and efficacy of prototype ETEC vaccines. This review provides a historical perspective of experimental challenge studies with ETEC. It summarizes pioneering early studies carried out by investigators at the University of Maryland School of Medicine to show how those studies provided key information that influenced the directions taken by many research groups to develop vaccines to prevent ETEC. In addition, key experimental challenge studies undertaken at other institutions will also be cited.
肠产毒性大肠杆菌（ETEC）是旅行者腹泻和发展中国家幼儿腹泻的主要原因。在成年志愿者中进行的实验性挑战研究在将 ETEC 确认为肠道病原体方面发挥了关键作用，通过确定特定的毒力特性阐明其发病机制，描述人类对临床和亚临床 ETEC 感染的免疫反应，并初步评估原型 ETEC 疫苗的临床可接受性、免疫原性和疗效。本综述提供了 ETEC 实验性挑战研究的历史观点。它总结了马里兰大学医学院研究人员进行的开创性早期研究，这些研究提供了关键信息，影响了许多研究小组开发疫苗预防 ETEC 的方向。此外，还将引用其他机构进行的关键实验性挑战研究。
