Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2019 May;90(5):727-736. doi: 10.1111/cen.13946. Epub 2019 Mar 4.
Polyamines are indispensable polycations and play important physiological roles in living cells. Some polyamine metabolites have been associated with autoimmune disorders. The aims of this study were to profile polyamine metabolites in autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and predict whether polyamine metabolites are associated with thyroid hormone, thyroid autoantibodies or disease progression.
DESIGN, PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: A total of 136 participants were recruited, including Graves' disease (GD) (n = 36), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) (n = 33) and thyroid autoantibody-positive (pTAb) (n = 29) patients and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs). Fourteen polyamine metabolites, including polyamine precursors, polyamines and polyamine catabolite, were measured by UFLC-MS/MS RESULTS: Both GD and HT patients had higher L-arginine, L-ornithine, lysine and agmatine levels and lower putrescine, 1,3-diaminopropane, spermine, N-acetylputrescine levels than HCs. Some polyamine metabolite levels were different only in GD or HT patients compared to HCs: GD patients had significantly higher spermidine, N-acetylspermidine and γ-aminobutyric acid and lower cadaverine, whereas HT patients had significantly decreased N-acetylspermine. Only spermine and N-acetylspermine were significantly lower in pTAb than HCs. The spermine:spermidine ratio was significantly reduced in all AITD patients. In addition, spermine was negatively correlated with thyroid-specific antibodies grade. N-acetylspermidine might be a risk factor for pTAb progression to overt hypothyroidism.
Compared with the HCs, most metabolites of GD and HT showed similar patterns, suggesting the possibility of a common pathophysiological basis or metabolic pathway. Moreover, pTAb progression to overt hypothyroidism may be related to high N-acetylspermidine. Thyroid autoimmunity was associated with low spermine.
多胺是必不可少的多阳离子，在活细胞中发挥重要的生理作用。一些多胺代谢物与自身免疫性疾病有关。本研究的目的是分析自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）中的多胺代谢物，并预测多胺代谢物是否与甲状腺激素、甲状腺自身抗体或疾病进展有关。
设计、患者和测量：共招募了 136 名参与者，包括 Graves 病（GD）（n=36）、桥本甲状腺炎（HT）（n=33）和甲状腺自身抗体阳性（pTAb）（n=29）患者以及 38 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者（HCs）。采用 UFLC-MS/MS 测定 14 种多胺代谢物，包括多胺前体、多胺和多胺分解产物。
GD 和 HT 患者的 L-精氨酸、L-鸟氨酸、赖氨酸和胍丁胺水平升高，腐胺、1,3-二氨基丙烷、精胺、N-乙酰腐胺水平降低，与 HCs 相比。与 HCs 相比，只有 GD 或 HT 患者的一些多胺代谢物水平不同：GD 患者的精胺、N-乙酰精胺和γ-氨基丁酸水平显著升高，而cadaverine 水平显著降低，而 HT 患者的 N-乙酰精胺水平显著降低。与 HCs 相比，pTAb 患者的 N-乙酰精脒明显降低。所有 AITD 患者的精脒：精胺比值均显著降低。此外，精胺与甲状腺特异性抗体分级呈负相关。N-乙酰精脒可能是 pTAb 进展为显性甲状腺功能减退的危险因素。
与 HCs 相比，GD 和 HT 的大多数代谢物表现出相似的模式，这表明可能存在共同的病理生理基础或代谢途径。此外，pTAb 进展为显性甲状腺功能减退可能与高 N-乙酰精脒有关。甲状腺自身免疫与低精脒有关。
