Koenen Lukas, Andaloro Claudio
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery - Charité Universitätsmedizin
Santa Marta e Santa Venera Hospital
Meniere disease (MD) is a disorder of the inner ear characterized by hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. In most cases, it is slowly progressive and significantly impacts the social functioning of the individual affected. Hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo are all common symptomatic complaints with many potential causes, yet true Meniere disease is quite rare and is fundamentally a diagnosis of exclusion. The current diagnostic criteria defined by the Barany society by Lopez-Escamez,. can help differentiate between probable and definite Meniere's disease. Patients with a definite Meniere disease, according to the Barany Society, have: 1. Two or more spontaneous episodes of vertigo with each lasting 20 minutes to 12 hours. 2. Audiometrically documented low- to medium-frequency sensorineural hearing loss in one ear, defining and locating to the affected ear on in at least one instance prior, during, or after one of the episodes of vertigo. 3. Fluctuating aural symptoms (fullness, hearing, tinnitus) located in the affected ear. 4. Not better accounted for by any other vestibular diagnosis. Probable Meniere disease can include the following clinical findings: 1. Two or more episodes of dizziness or vertigo, each lasting 20 minutes to 24 hours. 2. Fluctuating aural symptoms (fullness, hearing, or tinnitus) in the affected ear. 3. The condition is better explained by another vestibular diagnosis.
梅尼埃病（MD）是一种内耳疾病，其特征为听力损失、耳鸣和眩晕。在大多数情况下，它呈缓慢进展，对受影响个体的社会功能有显著影响。听力损失、耳鸣和眩晕都是常见的症状性主诉，有许多潜在病因，但真正的梅尼埃病相当罕见，本质上是一种排除性诊断。巴兰尼协会由洛佩斯 - 埃斯卡梅兹定义的现行诊断标准，有助于区分可能的和明确的梅尼埃病。根据巴兰尼协会的标准，明确患有梅尼埃病的患者有：1. 两次或更多次自发性眩晕发作，每次持续20分钟至12小时。2. 听力测试记录显示一只耳朵有低频至中频感音神经性听力损失，且在至少一次眩晕发作之前、期间或之后，至少有一次能确定并定位到患耳。3. 患耳出现波动性耳内症状（胀满感、听力、耳鸣）。4. 不能用任何其他前庭诊断更好地解释。可能的梅尼埃病可包括以下临床发现：1. 两次或更多次头晕或眩晕发作，每次持续20分钟至24小时。2. 患耳出现波动性耳内症状（胀满感、听力或耳鸣）。3. 该病症用另一种前庭诊断能更好地解释。
