不同出生队列（1936年至1940年和1946年至1950年）老年人自我报告的营养状况与饮食摄入比较：健康、幸福与衰老（SABE）研究

Comparison of nutritional status and dietary intake self-reported by elderly people of different birth cohorts (1936 to 1940 and 1946 to 1950): Health, Wellbeing and Aging (SABE) Study.

作者信息

Marucci Maria de Fátima Nunes, Roediger Manuela de Almeida, Dourado Daiana Aparecida Quintiliano Scarpelli, Bueno Denise Rodrigues

机构信息

Departamento de Nutrição da Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.

Programa de Pós-Graduação Nutrição em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil.

出版信息

Rev Bras Epidemiol. 2019 Feb 4;21Suppl 02(Suppl 02):e180015. doi: 10.1590/1980-549720180015.supl.2.

DOI:10.1590/1980-549720180015.supl.2

PMID:30726360

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The aging process is characterized by several changes in individuals' life, including his or her nutritional status and food intake. To understand the trends of these changes, studies with elderly people who were born at different times are necessary.

OBJECTIVE

To compare the nutritional status and food intake of elderly people who participated in the Health, Well-being, and Aging study (SABE study), conducted in São Paulo, in 2000 and 2010.

METHODS

The nutritional status was identified by means of the body mass index (BMI) and was classified as underweight (BMI < 23 kg/m²), adequate weight (23 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m²), or overweight (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m). Food intake was self-reported and was classified as the number of meals (≥ 3/day), frequency of intake of dairy products (≥ 1 serving/day), eggs and beans (≥ 1 serving/week), fruits and vegetables (≥ 2 servings/day), meat (≥ 3 servings/week), and liquids (≥ 5 glasses/day). The prevalence ratio was calculated to compare the variables of the cohorts, using Poisson regression.

RESULTS

A total of 755 individuals of both the genders aged 60 to 64 years and who were born between 1936 and 1940 and between 1946 and 1950 participated in this study. Elderly people who were born between 1946 and 1950 presented higher prevalence ratio of overweight (PR = 1.19), number of meals (PR = 1.34), and liquids intake (PR = 1.18), but presented lower prevalence of intake of dairy products (PR = 0.87), meats (PR = 0.93), and fruits and vegetables (PR = 0.83).

CONCLUSION

These results showed concerning scenarios of nutritional status and food intake for the most recent cohort (1946 - 1950).

摘要

引言

衰老过程的特点是个体生活中的若干变化，包括其营养状况和食物摄入量。为了解这些变化的趋势，有必要对出生于不同时期的老年人进行研究。

目的

比较2000年和2010年在圣保罗进行的健康、幸福与衰老研究（SABE研究）中老年人的营养状况和食物摄入量。

方法

通过体重指数（BMI）确定营养状况，并将其分类为体重过轻（BMI < 23 kg/m²）、体重正常（23 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m²）或超重（BMI ≥ 28 kg/m）。食物摄入量通过自我报告获得，并分类为用餐次数（≥ 3次/天）、乳制品摄入频率（≥ 1份/天）、鸡蛋和豆类摄入频率（≥ 1份/周）、水果和蔬菜摄入频率（≥ 2份/天）、肉类摄入频率（≥ 3份/周）以及液体摄入量（≥ 5杯/天）。使用泊松回归计算患病率比，以比较队列的变量。

结果

共有755名年龄在60至64岁之间、出生于1936年至1940年以及1946年至1950年之间的男女参与了本研究。出生于1946年至1950年之间的老年人超重患病率比更高（PR = 1.19）、用餐次数更多（PR = 1.34）、液体摄入量更高（PR = 1.18），但乳制品摄入量（PR = 0.87）、肉类摄入量（PR = 0.93）以及水果和蔬菜摄入量（PR = 0.83）的患病率较低。