Martínez-Lavín M, Pineda C, Valdez T, Cajigas J C, Weisman M, Gerber N, Steigler D
Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico, D.F.
Semin Arthritis Rheum. 1988 Feb;17(3):156-62. doi: 10.1016/0049-0172(88)90017-0.
We describe seven patients with primary HOA and review 125 cases reported in the English, French, and German literature. The salient clinical features of primary HOA are: a bimodal distribution of disease onset with one peak during the first year of life and the other at age 15, a male predominance (nine to one), uncommon benign joint effusion, and a variety of skin abnormalities resulting from cutaneous hypertrophy or glandular dysfunction. We concluded that HOA is not a synovial disease. It is suggested that synovial effusions, when present, are perhaps a sympathetic reaction to the neighboring periostitis. Proposed diagnostic criteria for HOA, including digital clubbing and radiographic periostitis, appear 86% sensitive. The clinical features, age of onset, and sex distribution suggest that a genetically controlled growth promoting factor, different from growth hormone, plays a role in the pathogenesis of this syndrome.
