Borisova Tatiana
Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01030 Ukraine.
NPJ Microgravity. 2019 Feb 4;5:2. doi: 10.1038/s41526-019-0062-7. eCollection 2019.
Establishment of high-quality, consistent on-board assessment of the neurotoxicity of planetary, and interstellar dust particles will be required to predict their potential threat to human health during long-term space missions. This Perspective article proposes an approach for the rapid assessment of potential neurotoxicity of micro-sized and nano-sized dust particles based on experimental results with other neurotoxic particles. Capacity of particles to affect membrane potential, integrity of nerve terminals, and consequently key synaptic transmission characteristics can be assessed using a planar lipid bilayer technique by monitoring artificial membrane conductivity in the presence of particles. Preliminary neurotoxicity data of nanoparticles, including lunar and Martian dust simulants, obtained using a planar lipid bilayer technique, is compared with that acquired using more-established methodological approaches. Under space flight conditions, neurotoxicity assessments of particulate matter could be rapidly and reproducibly performed using a planar lipid bilayer technique, which does not require biological material.
为了预测长期太空任务期间行星和星际尘埃颗粒对人类健康的潜在威胁，需要建立高质量、一致的机载神经毒性评估方法。这篇观点文章基于对其他神经毒性颗粒的实验结果，提出了一种快速评估微米级和纳米级尘埃颗粒潜在神经毒性的方法。通过在颗粒存在的情况下监测人工膜的电导率，利用平面脂质双层技术可以评估颗粒影响膜电位、神经末梢完整性以及关键突触传递特性的能力。将使用平面脂质双层技术获得的包括月球和火星尘埃模拟物在内的纳米颗粒的初步神经毒性数据，与使用更成熟方法获得的数据进行比较。在太空飞行条件下，可以使用平面脂质双层技术快速且可重复地进行颗粒物的神经毒性评估，该技术不需要生物材料。
