Adejumo Oluseyi A, Madubuko Roli C, Olokor Afeaje B, Aina Omodele T
Department of Internal Medicine, Kidney Care Centre, University of Medical Sciences Ondo, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2019 Feb;22(2):245-250. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_270_18.
Cutaneous changes commonly occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD), however, there is limited information on its effect on quality of life of these patients. This study determined the prevalence and pattern of skin changes in CKD patients and their effects on the dermatology life quality index (DLQI) of the patients.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that involved stages 3-5 CKD patients who were examined for skin changes. The effects of the observed skin changes on DLQI were assessed using the standardized DLQI questionnaire.
One hundred and five CKD patients participated in the study consisting of 56 males and 49 females with a mean age of 51.93 ± 15.23 years. The prevalence of cutaneous changes was 94.3%. Common skin manifestations were pallor 99 (94.3%), hyperpigmentation 58 (55.2%), fluffy hair 55 (52.4%), Lindsay nails 48 (45.7%), and pruritus 44 (41.9%). The effect of dermatoses on DLQI was mild in 34 (32.4%), moderate in 13 (12.4%), and severe in 4 (3.8%).There was no significant association between dermatoses and CKD stage. There was significant positive correlation between DLQI scores and number of skin dermatoses (r = 0.522, P = <0.001), duration on maintenance hemodialysis (r = 322, P = 0.017). There was significant negative correlation between DQOL scores and packed cell volume (r = -0.232, P = 0.022). On multiple regression analysis, number of dermatoses was the only significant predictor of DLQI (P = <0.001).
Skin changes occur commonly in CKD patients and significantly affected their DLQI. This study highlights the significant burden that skin changes add to CKD.
皮肤变化在慢性肾脏病（CKD）中普遍存在，然而，关于其对这些患者生活质量影响的信息有限。本研究确定了CKD患者皮肤变化的患病率和模式及其对患者皮肤病生活质量指数（DLQI）的影响。
这是一项描述性横断面研究，纳入3-5期CKD患者并对其进行皮肤变化检查。使用标准化的DLQI问卷评估观察到的皮肤变化对DLQI的影响。
105例CKD患者参与了本研究，其中男性56例，女性49例，平均年龄51.93±15.23岁。皮肤变化的患病率为94.3%。常见的皮肤表现为面色苍白99例（94.3%）、色素沉着58例（55.2%）、毛发蓬松55例（52.4%）、林赛氏指甲48例（45.7%）、瘙痒44例（41.9%）。皮肤病对DLQI的影响为轻度34例（32.4%）、中度13例（12.4%）、重度4例（3.8%）。皮肤病与CKD分期之间无显著相关性。DLQI评分与皮肤疾病数量之间存在显著正相关（r = 0.522，P = <0.001），与维持性血液透析时间存在显著正相关（r = 0.322，P = 0.017）。DQOL评分与血细胞比容之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.232，P = 0.022）。多元回归分析显示，皮肤病数量是DLQI的唯一显著预测因素（P = <0.001）。
皮肤变化在CKD患者中普遍存在，并显著影响其DLQI。本研究强调了皮肤变化给CKD增加的重大负担。
