Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th St., Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
Plant and Soil Science, The University of Vermont, 63 Carrigan Drive, Burlington, VT, USA.
New Phytol. 2019 Jun;222(4):2023-2037. doi: 10.1111/nph.15731. Epub 2019 Mar 30.
Humans have domesticated diverse species from across the plant kingdom, yet much of our foundational knowledge of domestication has come from studies investigating relatively few of the most important annual food crops. Here, we examine the impacts of domestication on genetic diversity in a tropical perennial fruit species, mango (Mangifera indica). We used restriction site associated DNA sequencing to generate genomic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from 106 mango cultivars from seven geographical regions along with 52 samples of closely related species and unidentified cultivars to identify centers of mango genetic diversity and examine how post-domestication dispersal shaped the geographical distribution of diversity. We identify two gene pools of cultivated mango, representing Indian and Southeast Asian germplasm. We found no significant genetic bottleneck associated with the introduction of mango into new regions of the world. By contrast, we show that mango populations in introduced regions have elevated levels of diversity. Our results suggest that mango has a more complex history of domestication than previously supposed, perhaps including multiple domestication events, hybridization and regional selection. Our work has direct implications for mango breeding and genebank management, and also builds on recent efforts to understand how woody perennial crops respond to domestication.
人类已经驯化了来自植物界各个物种的生物，但我们对驯化的基础认识主要来自对少数几种重要的一年生粮食作物的研究。在这里，我们研究了驯化对热带多年生水果物种芒果（Mangifera indica）遗传多样性的影响。我们利用限制性位点相关 DNA 测序，从 7 个地理区域的 106 个芒果品种以及 52 个近缘种和未知品种的样本中生成了基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNP）数据，以确定芒果遗传多样性的中心，并研究了驯化后扩散如何塑造多样性的地理分布。我们确定了两个栽培芒果的基因库，代表印度和东南亚的种质。我们没有发现与芒果引入世界新地区相关的显著遗传瓶颈。相比之下，我们发现引入地区的芒果种群具有更高水平的多样性。我们的研究结果表明，芒果的驯化历史比以前认为的更为复杂，可能包括多次驯化事件、杂交和区域选择。我们的工作对芒果的育种和基因库管理具有直接意义，并且也建立在最近了解木本多年生作物如何对驯化做出反应的努力之上。
