Zhang Yuan, Wu Xiao-Long, Zhang Li-Li, Xia Shi-Wei, Guo Xiao-Niu, Yang Wan-Lin, Rao Gui-Zhen, Yang Wen-Li, Zhang Ling, Li Yu, Yang Hao-Hui, Li Xi-Xiang, Lai Yun-Song
College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan , 611130, China.
State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing , 100081, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Sep 2;25(1):1193. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-07208-z.
The most widely used rootstock of cucumber grafting is pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). The main task of pumpkin rootstock breeding is to evaluate its compatibility with cucumber scions. One of the main factors affecting grafting compatibility is the rootstock bleeding sap, which affects the wound healing of graft junction.
We evaluated the grafting affinity of 30 pumpkin rootstocks, which were F1 hybrids derived from 56 breeding lines, by grafting them with the cucumber scion FH8. Correlation analysis of grafting compatibility with phenotypic traits of rootstock seedlings, grafted plants, and biochemical characteristics of rootstock bleeding sap highlighted the positive role of soluble solids content and the negative role of the absorbance of bleeding sapsmeasured at multiple wavelengths (from 280 nm to 700 nm). Bleeding saps from three rootstocks (RS50, RS83, and RS55) with different grafting compatibility were assayed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The predominant content in bleeding saps was amino acids. Compared with self-rooted-grafting, intergeneric grafting caused changes in the pathways associated with "abiotic stress responses", "ribosome" and "plant hormone signal transduction" in integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis. When compared with the bleeding sap of RS50 (BS-RS50) with low grafting compatibility, BS-RS55 with high grafting compatibility contained much lower content of flavonoids such as nicotiflorin, lonicerin, isoquercitrin and isovitexin. A similar difference profile of these flavonoids was not observed in cucumber scions, although flavonoid pathway was also affected by grafting in scions.
Pumpkin rootstocks show a big variation in grafting compatibility with cucumbers scions, which at least partially depends on the nutrients (bleeding saps) transported from rootstocks to scions. Flavonoids play a negative role in pumpkin-cucumber grafting compatibility.
黄瓜嫁接最广泛使用的砧木是南瓜（南瓜属）。南瓜砧木育种的主要任务是评估其与黄瓜接穗的亲和性。影响嫁接亲和性的主要因素之一是砧木伤流液，它会影响嫁接部位的伤口愈合。
我们通过将30种南瓜砧木（这些砧木是来自56个育种系的F1杂种）与黄瓜接穗FH8进行嫁接，评估了它们的嫁接亲和性。对嫁接亲和性与砧木幼苗、嫁接植株的表型性状以及砧木伤流液的生化特性进行相关性分析，突出了可溶性固形物含量的积极作用以及在多个波长（从280纳米到700纳米）下测量的伤流液吸光度的消极作用。通过超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）分析了三种具有不同嫁接亲和性的砧木（RS50、RS83和RS55）的伤流液。伤流液中的主要成分是氨基酸。在综合转录组和代谢分析中，与自根嫁接相比，属间嫁接导致了与“非生物胁迫反应”、“核糖体”和“植物激素信号转导”相关的途径发生变化。与嫁接亲和性低的RS50的伤流液（BS-RS50）相比，嫁接亲和性高的BS-RS55中芦丁、忍冬苷、异槲皮苷和异牡荆素等黄酮类化合物的含量要低得多。尽管黄酮类途径在接穗中也受到嫁接的影响，但在黄瓜接穗中未观察到这些黄酮类化合物的类似差异情况。
南瓜砧木与黄瓜接穗的嫁接亲和性存在很大差异，这至少部分取决于从砧木运输到接穗的养分（伤流液）。黄酮类化合物在南瓜-黄瓜嫁接亲和性中起消极作用。
