Biçer Emine Kir, Güçlüel Yasemin, Türker Müjgan, Kepiçoglu Nurcan Aslan, Sekerci Yasemin Gümüs, Say Aysun
Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
Istanbul University, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
Wound Manag Prev. 2019 Feb;65(2):20-28.
Pressure ulcers (PUs) are a common problem with serious health care implications.
This study was conducted to assess PU prevalence, incidence, clinical features, nursing care measures, and patient variables and outcomes among inpatients admitted to 13 internal medicine departments at a university hospital in Turkey between 2010 and 2014.
Using a cross-sectional, retrospective design, records of all hospitalized patients were reviewed and records from patients with a PU abstracted. Patient demographics, diagnosis, Braden Scale score, and PU information were abstracted from patient files/electronic records. Data were collected to an electronic data collection form between January and December 2015 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared, one-way analysis of variance, and Student's t test.
From a population of 20 175 patients, the records of 664 patients showed the presence of a PU; the total PU prevalence rate was 3.3% and the overall PU incidence rate for 5 years was 1.8%. Ulcers were most often Stage 1 (326. 49.1%), located at the sacrum (364, 54.8%), and hospital-acquired (370, 55.7%; 175 (56%) of PU patients were oncology patients, followed by dementia/Alzheimer's patients (31, 9.2%). A significant relationship between Braden scores and general diagnoses was found (P <.01).
PU incidence was highest in patients with cancer and patients >65 years old, and patients with a diagnosis of dementia/Alzheimer's were at highest risk. Many patients outside of acute care settings have a PU. Risk assessments should be conducted and appropriate nursing interventions should be provided during facility admission and follow-up care. Prospective studies on the prevention of PU development in patients at risk are warranted.
压疮（PUs）是一个常见问题，对医疗保健具有严重影响。
本研究旨在评估2010年至2014年期间土耳其一家大学医院13个内科住院患者的压疮患病率、发病率、临床特征、护理措施以及患者变量和结局。
采用横断面回顾性设计，对所有住院患者的记录进行审查，并提取压疮患者的记录。从患者档案/电子记录中提取患者人口统计学信息、诊断、Braden量表评分和压疮信息。2015年1月至12月期间将数据收集到电子数据收集表中，并使用描述性统计、卡方检验、单因素方差分析和学生t检验进行分析。
在20175名患者中，664名患者的记录显示存在压疮；压疮总患病率为3.3%，5年的总体发病率为1.8%。溃疡最常见为1期（326例，49.1%），位于骶骨（364例，54.8%），且为医院获得性（370例，55.7%；175例（56%）压疮患者为肿瘤患者，其次是痴呆/阿尔茨海默病患者（31例，9.2%）。发现Braden评分与一般诊断之间存在显著关系（P<.01）。
癌症患者和65岁以上患者的压疮发病率最高，痴呆/阿尔茨海默病诊断患者的风险最高。许多非急性护理环境中的患者患有压疮。应在设施入院和后续护理期间进行风险评估并提供适当的护理干预。有必要对高危患者预防压疮发展进行前瞻性研究。
