Nurse Corps, United States Navy, Naval Medical Center, Portsmouth, Virginia 23708, USA.
J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2011 May-Jun;38(3):254-9. doi: 10.1097/WON.0b013e318215fa48.
Authors and team members from the naval medical center at portsmouth (NMCP), virginia, obtained data on the prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers (PUs) in our agency and compared them to national benchmark data as a basis for improving our wound care protocols.
health care facilities throughout the nation volunteered to participate in the data collection process for a multiday PU prevalence survey performed in february 2009, including nmcp. Each facility collected prevalence data during a preselected 24-hour period out of the 72-hour time frame selected by the national study.
A standardized 1-page data collection form for each subject included demographic data, use of wound care protocols and pressure redistribution surfaces, PU stage and location, risk assessment using the braden scale for pressure sore risk, head-of-bed position, turning and repositioning, mobility, weight, incontinence, documentation of a PU within 24 hours of admission, device-related ulcers, and adequacy of documentation. Facility-specific data on a second form included braden scale score, bed type, use of pressure redistribution devices on the heels, hospital unit, turn schedule use, plastic brief use, presence of incontinence-associated dermatitis, and nursing documentation. Chart reviews were performed to determine hospital- versus non-hospital-acquired PU occurrence. Each PU was recorded separately and linked to its identifying stage.
The PU incidence of adults managed in acute care inpatient units at NMCP was 6.6% and the prevalence was 10%. The most common location of facility-acquired PUs was the heels (50%). In contrast, national benchmarking data found that the highest incidence of PUs occurred in the sacral region.
Benchmarking allows health care professionals to compare outcomes in their agencies to outcomes in comparable facilities. Identification of areas in which agency outcomes compare negatively to benchmark data should prompt implementation of quality improvement initiatives. National PU prevalence surveys provide a benchmark to evaluate an individual facility's care and treatment of patients at risk for pressure ulceration. The true benefit of participation in such surveys, however, is determined by local health care professionals' ability to use national data to improve clinical practice.
来自弗吉尼亚州朴茨茅斯海军医疗中心（NMCP）的作者和团队成员收集了我们机构中压疮（PU）的患病率和发病率数据，并将其与国家基准数据进行比较，以此作为改进我们伤口护理方案的基础。
全国的医疗保健机构自愿参与 2009 年 2 月进行的多日 PU 患病率调查的数据收集过程，包括 NMCP。每个机构在全国研究选定的 72 小时时间框架内，从选定的 24 小时内收集患病率数据。
为每位受试者提供了一张标准化的 1 页数据收集表，其中包括人口统计学数据、使用伤口护理方案和压力再分布表面、PU 阶段和位置、使用布雷登压疮风险评估量表进行风险评估、床头位置、翻身和重新定位、活动能力、体重、失禁、入院后 24 小时内记录的 PU、器械相关溃疡以及记录的充分性。第二张表格提供了机构特定数据，包括布雷登量表评分、床型、足跟部使用压力再分布装置、医院科室、翻身计划使用、塑料便盆使用、存在失禁相关性皮炎、以及护理记录。进行病历回顾以确定医院获得性和非医院获得性 PU 的发生情况。每个 PU 都单独记录，并与其识别阶段相关联。
NMCP 急性护理住院患者成人的 PU 发病率为 6.6%，患病率为 10%。医疗机构获得性 PU 最常见的部位是脚跟（50%）。相比之下，国家基准数据发现，骶骨区域的 PU 发生率最高。
基准比较使医疗保健专业人员能够将其机构的结果与可比机构的结果进行比较。如果机构的结果与基准数据相比不理想，应立即采取质量改进措施。全国性的 PU 患病率调查为评估单个机构对有压力性溃疡风险的患者的护理和治疗提供了基准。然而，参与此类调查的真正好处取决于当地医疗保健专业人员利用国家数据改善临床实践的能力。
