Interest in lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] has exploded over the past decade with the emergence of genetic and epidemiological studies pinpointing elevated levels of this unique lipoprotein as a causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). This review summarizes the most recent discoveries regarding therapeutic approaches to lower Lp(a) and presents these findings in the context of an emerging, although far from complete, understanding of the biosynthesis and catabolism of Lp(a). Application of Lp(a)-specific lowering agents to outcome trials will be the key to opening this new frontier in the battle against CVD.