Institute of Liver Studies
Department of Hematology, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Haematologica. 2019 Mar;104(3):435-443. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2018.210252. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
Hepatitis B reactivation is the reappearance or rise of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in patients with past or chronic HBV infection, usually occurring in the context of immunosuppression. HBV reactivation has been most commonly reported in patients with hematologic disorders, with potentially serious and life-threatening consequences. In this review, we discuss the basis and presentation of HBV reactivation, and risk factors in terms of the host, the virus and the immunosuppression regimen, including newer agents used to manage hematologic malignancies. We overview the management of HBV reactivation, highlighting an up-dated recommendation on the use of newer nucleoside and nucleotide analogs, such as tenofovir and entecavir, for antiviral prophylaxis.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）再激活是指过去或慢性 HBV 感染患者的 HBV DNA 再次出现或升高，通常发生在免疫抑制的情况下。HBV 再激活最常发生在血液系统疾病患者中，可能导致严重且危及生命的后果。在本综述中，我们讨论了 HBV 再激活的基础和表现，以及从宿主、病毒和免疫抑制方案方面考虑的危险因素，包括用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的新型药物。我们概述了 HBV 再激活的管理，重点介绍了更新的关于使用新型核苷（酸）类似物（如替诺福韦和恩替卡韦）进行抗病毒预防的建议。
