The effect of azone on ocular levobunolol absorption: calculating the area under the curve and its standard error using tissue sampling compartments.

Methods of calculating the area under the concentration-time curve and the associated standard error are proposed for studies in which each animal contributes one independent data point to a pool of data. This approach can be used for data analysis in bioequivalence studies employing tissue sampling compartments. Application of this method indicated that an azone-containing ophthalmic formulation of levobunolol did not produce better ocular bioavailability than a formulation containing no penetration enhancer.