Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Zoology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Feb 7;191(3):136. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7229-2.
Coal mining generates huge quantity of toxic effluent which consistently pollutes the neighboring wetlands where the local inhabitants regularly cultivate edible fishes. In the present study the concentration of heavy metals Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, Cd, Pb and Cr were analyzed in the water and various tissues of edible catfish Clarias batrachus reared in a pond receiving effluents from Rajrappa coal mine, Jharkhand, India. The metal concentrations in the pond water were dramatically higher (Fe 350%, Zn 423%, Cu 12%, Mn 7029%, Ni 713%, Cd 1700%, Pb 4333% and Cr 588%) than the safe limit of Environmental Pollution Agency (2003) as well as the control tap water. Excessive amounts of metals in effluent caused their substantial transfer to the different tissues of the catfish reared in such ponds. Results showed that accumulation of metals in fish tissues were in the following order: liver > kidney > air breathing organ (ABO) > gills > skin > brain > muscles. Among the various tissues the highest accumulation of most of the metals was recorded in the liver (2.05-271.28 mg/kg dry weight) and lowest in the muscles (1.39-30.27 mg/kg dry weight), while the concentration of metals in other tissues ranged in between. The accumulation of heavy metals in tissues appears to cause remarkable histopathological alterations in skin, gills, ABO, liver and kidney that might be leading to deleterious effect on fish physiology and consequently impact the consumers of such fishes.
采煤产生了大量有毒废水，这些废水持续污染着附近的湿地，当地居民经常在这些湿地中养殖食用鱼类。在本研究中，分析了印度恰尔肯德邦拉贾拉帕煤矿废水流入的池塘中养殖的食用鲶鱼（Clarias batrachus）的水和各种组织中的重金属 Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Ni、Cd、Pb 和 Cr 的浓度。池塘水中的金属浓度（Fe 350%、Zn 423%、Cu 12%、Mn 7029%、Ni 713%、Cd 1700%、Pb 4333%和 Cr 588%）远高于印度环境污染局（2003 年）规定的安全限值以及对照自来水。废水中过量的金属导致其大量转移到在这些池塘中养殖的鲶鱼的不同组织中。结果表明，金属在鱼类组织中的积累顺序为：肝脏>肾脏>呼吸器官（ABO）>鳃>皮肤>脑>肌肉。在各种组织中，大多数金属的最高积累量记录在肝脏中（2.05-271.28 mg/kg 干重），最低在肌肉中（1.39-30.27 mg/kg 干重），而其他组织中的金属浓度则在两者之间。金属在组织中的积累似乎导致了皮肤、鳃、ABO、肝脏和肾脏的显著组织病理学改变，这可能对鱼类生理学造成有害影响，进而影响这些鱼类的消费者。
