Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China.
J Clin Lab Anal. 2019 May;33(4):e22837. doi: 10.1002/jcla.22837. Epub 2019 Feb 8.
Iodine, an essential nutrient, is the most important trace element in thyroid hormone synthesis and maintenance of thyroid function. This study investigated the iodine nutrition status in healthy Chinese adults and assessed the relationship between urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and thyroid hormone levels.
A cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted between October 2017 and January 2018, with 1017 adults recruited from five cities in China. All subjects underwent thyroid ultrasonography, and only those with normal results were included in the study. UICs were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy and adjusted using urine creatinine levels. Thyroid hormone levels were measured using an automated immunoassay analyzer.
The median UIC and adjusted UIC were 134.0 µg/L and 114.2 µg/g, respectively. UIC was not significantly different between males and females (P = 0.737). However, the adjusted UIC was significantly different between sexes (P < 0.001). The median UIC was higher than 100 µg/L. According to the World Health Organization criterion (100 µg/L), the total prevalence of iodine deficiency is 33.1% (n = 271). The prevalence rates of iodine deficiency in our study were 33.2% and 32.9% in males and females, respectively, and had no difference between sexes and among cities (P > 0.05). Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels increased when UIC increased. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant differences in free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and TSH, with different levels of UIC (all P > 0.05).
Chinese adults with normal thyroid structure have relatively sufficient iodine levels.
碘是一种必需的营养物质，是甲状腺激素合成和维持甲状腺功能的最重要的微量元素。本研究调查了健康中国成年人的碘营养状况，并评估了尿碘浓度（UIC）与甲状腺激素水平之间的关系。
这是一项 2017 年 10 月至 2018 年 1 月进行的横断面、多中心研究，共招募了来自中国五个城市的 1017 名成年人。所有受试者均接受了甲状腺超声检查，只有结果正常的受试者才被纳入研究。UIC 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量，并通过尿肌酐水平进行调整。甲状腺激素水平使用自动化免疫分析分析仪测量。
中位数 UIC 和调整后的 UIC 分别为 134.0µg/L 和 114.2µg/g。男女 UIC 无显著差异（P=0.737）。然而，男女调整后的 UIC 有显著差异（P<0.001）。中位数 UIC 高于 100µg/L。根据世界卫生组织标准（100µg/L），碘缺乏的总患病率为 33.1%（n=271）。本研究中碘缺乏的患病率分别为男性 33.2%和女性 32.9%，男女之间及各城市之间无差异（P>0.05）。UIC 升高时血清促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平升高。Kruskal-Wallis 检验显示不同 UIC 水平的游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸、游离甲状腺素和 TSH 无显著差异（均 P>0.05）。
甲状腺结构正常的中国成年人碘水平相对充足。
