Zhu N B, Zhou M, Yu C Q, Guo Y, Bian Z, Tan Y L, Pei P, Chen J S, Chen Z M, Lyu J, Li L M
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Feb 10;40(2):136-141. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2019.02.003.
To examine the prevalence of 'healthy lifestyle' from data extracted from the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) of 0.5 million adults from ten areas across China. After excluding participants with self-reported histories of coronary heart disease, stroke or cancer, a total of 487 198 participants at baseline (2004-2008) and 22 604 participants at second survey (2013- 2014), were included for analysis. 'Healthy lifestyle' was defined as haing the following characteristics: a) never smoking or having stopped smoking for reasons other than illness; b) alcohol drinking <25 g/day (men)/<15 g/day (women); c) diet rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes and fish, but low in red meat; d) upper quarter of the physical activity level; e) body mass index of 18.5-23.9 kg/m(2) and waist circumstance <85 cm (men)/80 cm (women). We calculated the healthy lifestyle scores (HLS) by counting the number of all the healthy lifestyle factors, with a range from 0 to 6. At baseline, prevalence rates of the above five healthy lifestyles (except physical activity) were 70.6%, 92.6%, 8.7%, 52.6% and 59.0%, respectively, with the mean HLS being 3.1±1.2. Most participants (81.4%) had2-4 healthy components, while only 0.7% (0.2% in men and 1.0% in women) of all the participants had all six healthy lifestyles. Participants who were women, at younger age, with more schooling and rural residents, were more likely to adhere to the healthy lifestyle. After ten years, the mean HLS showed a slight decrease. The prevalence of optimal lifestyles in Chinese adults appeared extremely low. Levels of 'healthy lifestyle' varied greatly among those populations with different socio-demographic characteristics across the ten areas in China.
利用从中国慢性病前瞻性研究（CKB）项目中提取的来自中国十个地区的50万成年人的数据，来研究“健康生活方式”的流行情况。在排除有自我报告的冠心病、中风或癌症病史的参与者后，共有487198名基线（2004 - 2008年）参与者和22604名第二次调查（2013 - 2014年）参与者被纳入分析。“健康生活方式”被定义为具有以下特征：a）从不吸烟或因疾病以外的原因戒烟；b）男性饮酒量<25克/天，女性<15克/天；c）饮食富含蔬菜、水果、豆类和鱼类，但红肉含量低；d）身体活动水平处于上四分位数；e）体重指数为18.5 - 23.9千克/米²，男性腰围<85厘米，女性<80厘米。我们通过计算所有健康生活方式因素的数量来计算健康生活方式得分（HLS），范围为0至6。在基线时，上述五种健康生活方式（身体活动除外）的患病率分别为70.6%、92.6%、8.7%、52.6%和59.0%，平均HLS为3.1±1.2。大多数参与者（81.4%）有2 - 4个健康组成部分，而所有参与者中只有0.7%（男性为0.2%，女性为1.0%）拥有所有六种健康生活方式。女性、年龄较小、受教育程度较高的参与者以及农村居民更有可能坚持健康生活方式。十年后，平均HLS略有下降。中国成年人中最佳生活方式的患病率极低。在中国十个地区不同社会人口特征的人群中，“健康生活方式”水平差异很大。
