Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie St, Carlton, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
BMC Psychiatry. 2019 Feb 11;19(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s12888-019-2050-6.
Members of the public can potentially take action to assist someone in their social network who is distressed and at risk of suicide. The present study used data from a community survey to examine training experiences and sociodemographic factors associated with the quality of assistance provided in such situations.
A national telephone survey using random digit dialing was carried out with Australian adults on attitudes and intentions toward helping someone in severe distress or at risk of suicide, as well as actions taken. Participants were asked open-ended questions about their intentions to assist a hypothetical person in a vignette and about any actions they took to assist a family member or friend in distress over the previous 12 months. Each participant randomly received 1 of 6 vignettes which varied by gender and degree of suicidality portrayed. 3002 participants provided data on intentions and 932 on actions taken. Quality of Intentions and Quality of Actions were scored on 12-point scales.
Quality of Intentions and Quality of Actions correlated 0.28. Quality of Intentions was associated with more overt suicidality in the vignette, age 31-59 years, female gender, university education, speaking English at home, being non-Indigenous and all forms of suicide training (professional, Mental Health First Aid and other). Quality of Actions was associated with female gender, university education and other suicide training.
Training on suicide prevention is associated with better quality of intentions and actions to help a person at risk of suicide. There are sub-groups in the population who are in greater need of such training because they have poorer quality of intentions to help and are less likely to have received training. These include males, less educated people and people from non-English speaking backgrounds.
公众成员有可能采取行动，帮助其社交网络中处于困境和有自杀风险的人。本研究利用社区调查数据，考察了在这种情况下提供帮助的培训经验和社会人口因素与帮助质量的关系。
使用随机数字拨号对澳大利亚成年人进行了一项全国性电话调查，调查内容包括对帮助严重困境或有自杀风险的人的态度和意图，以及所采取的行动。参与者被问及他们在一个情景剧中帮助一个假设的人的意图，并被问及他们在过去 12 个月中为帮助处于困境中的家庭成员或朋友采取的任何行动。每个参与者随机收到 6 个情景中的 1 个，这些情景在性别和自杀风险程度上有所不同。3002 名参与者提供了关于意图的数据，932 名参与者提供了关于过去 12 个月中采取行动的数据。意图质量和行动质量的评分均为 12 分制。
意图质量和行动质量相关系数为 0.28。意图质量与情景剧中更明显的自杀倾向、31-59 岁年龄组、女性性别、大学教育、在家说英语、非土著人和所有形式的自杀培训（专业、心理健康急救和其他）有关。行动质量与女性性别、大学教育和其他自杀培训有关。
预防自杀培训与更好的帮助有自杀风险的人的意图和行动质量有关。在人口中有一些亚组更需要这种培训，因为他们帮助他人的意图质量较差，而且不太可能接受过培训。这些亚组包括男性、受教育程度较低的人和非英语背景的人。
