Sadighi Alireza, Groody Angela, Wasko Lisa, Hornak Joseph, Zand Ramin
Department of Neurology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, PA, USA.
Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Geisinger Health System, Scranton, PA, USA.
J Vasc Interv Neurol. 2018 Nov;10(2):4-10.
Recognition of stroke warning signs and risk factors reduces prehospital delay and increases stroke survival. The goal of this study was to evaluate the public knowledge of stroke warning signs and risk factors in a rural area in Central Pennsylvania.
In this study, the 2016 Sullivan County Health Fair attendees in central Pennsylvania answered a structured close-ended multiple choice questionnaire about stroke warning signs and risk factors. Further questions were asked about their reaction to acute stroke, the source of their stroke knowledge, and if they had personally known a stroke victim.
Out of 163 respondents, 85.3% selected ≥3 (out of 4) correct stroke warning signs and 71.8% of respondents selected ≥3 (out of 5) correct stroke risk factors. Regarding the wrong stroke warning signs, 34.4% mentioned neck pain followed by chest pain (33.1%). Identification of ≥1 (out of 3) wrong stroke warning signs were significantly lower among the respondents of postgraduate level education in comparison with other literacy groups. 95.7% of respondents chose "call 911 immediately" in response to an acute stroke. A relative with a history of stroke was the most cited source of information. Multivariate analysis found that a high level of education increases odds of recognition of ≥3 correct stroke risk factors (0.21; 95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.61). Knowing anyone with stroke was associated with an awareness of the life-threatening nature of stroke ( = 0.21, < 0.01).
Respondents' recognition of stroke warning signs was favorable. About 85% of respondents recognized at least three stroke warning signs with no significant age and literacy effect. Our results provide evidence that the subjects most at risk of stroke are those with the least awareness of stroke risk factors.
识别中风预警信号和风险因素可减少院前延误并提高中风存活率。本研究的目的是评估宾夕法尼亚州中部农村地区公众对中风预警信号和风险因素的了解情况。
在本研究中，宾夕法尼亚州中部2016年沙利文县健康博览会的参与者回答了一份关于中风预警信号和风险因素的结构化封闭式多项选择题问卷。还询问了他们对急性中风的反应、中风知识的来源，以及他们是否认识中风患者。
在163名受访者中，85.3%的人选择了4个中风预警信号中的≥3个正确信号，71.8%的受访者选择了5个中风风险因素中的≥3个正确因素。关于错误的中风预警信号，34.4%的人提到颈部疼痛，其次是胸痛（33.1%）。与其他文化程度组相比，研究生学历的受访者识别出3个错误中风预警信号中≥1个的比例显著较低。95.7%的受访者在遇到急性中风时选择“立即拨打911”。有中风病史的亲属是最常被提及的信息来源。多变量分析发现，高学历增加了识别≥3个正确中风风险因素的几率（0.21；95%置信区间，0.09 - 0.61）。认识中风患者与对中风危及生命性质的认识相关（ = 0.21， < 0.01）。
受访者对中风预警信号的识别情况良好。约85%的受访者识别出至少三个中风预警信号，且年龄和文化程度无显著影响。我们的结果表明，中风风险最高的人群恰恰是对中风风险因素了解最少的人群。
