Pawlyn Charlotte, Jackson Graham H
NIHR Clinical Lecturer in Haematology, The Institute of Cancer Research, London and The Royal Marsden Hospital, London SM2 5NG.
Professor of Haematology, Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne.
Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2019 Feb 2;80(2):91-98. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.2.91.
Myeloma outcomes have improved dramatically over the last decade as a result of novel therapies, several of which are now commonly continued to disease relapse. Physicians who do not work in haematology are therefore more likely than ever before to be consulted by a patient with myeloma, either for an unrelated condition or with a side effect of myeloma or its treatment. Myeloma is also the cancer most likely to be diagnosed in accident and emergency departments or by the acute physician and so an awareness of its presentation and management is especially important in these settings to enable early diagnosis and limit the morbidity associated with end organ damage. This review summarizes the presenting features of disease, diagnostic criteria for myeloma and related plasma cell disorders, and discusses current management.
在过去十年中，由于新型疗法的出现，骨髓瘤的治疗效果有了显著改善，其中几种疗法目前通常会持续使用至疾病复发。因此，非血液科医生比以往任何时候都更有可能被骨髓瘤患者咨询，咨询原因可能是与骨髓瘤无关的病症，也可能是骨髓瘤或其治疗的副作用。骨髓瘤也是最有可能在急诊科或由急症科医生诊断出来的癌症，因此，了解其临床表现和治疗方法在这些环境中尤为重要，可以实现早期诊断并减少与终末器官损害相关的发病率。本综述总结了该疾病的临床表现、骨髓瘤及相关浆细胞疾病的诊断标准，并讨论了当前的治疗方法。
