Hübner Lena, Vieluf Solveig, Godde Ben, Voelcker-Rehage Claudia
J Aging Phys Act. 2019 Sep 1;27(5):725-738. doi: 10.1123/japa.2018-0289.
It remains controversial whether aging influences motor learning and whether physiological factors, such as local strength or fitness, are associated with fine motor performance and learning in older adults (OA). OA ( = 51) and young adults (YA, = 31) performed a short-term motor learning session using a precision grip force modulation task. The rate of improvement of OA compared with YA was steeper with respect to performance variability and temporal precision. Both age groups showed positive transfer during an unpracticed variant of the force modulation task. Local muscle strength (pinch and grip strength) and high cardiovascular fitness positively predicted fine motor performance, whereas initial performance, muscle strength, and motor fitness (heterogeneous motor test battery) negatively predicted rate of improvement. Analyses indicated potentials, but also limits of plasticity for OA.
衰老是否会影响运动学习，以及诸如局部力量或健康状况等生理因素是否与老年人（OA）的精细运动表现和学习相关，这仍然存在争议。51名老年人（OA）和31名年轻人（YA）使用精确握力调制任务进行了短期运动学习训练。与年轻人相比，老年人在表现变异性和时间精度方面的改善速度更快。两个年龄组在未练习的力调制任务变体中均表现出正迁移。局部肌肉力量（捏力和握力）和高心血管健康状况对精细运动表现有正向预测作用，而初始表现、肌肉力量和运动健康状况（异质性运动测试组）对改善速度有负向预测作用。分析表明老年人具有可塑性的潜力，但也存在局限性。
