Buczynska Edyta, Buczynski Pawel
University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Zoology, Animal Ecology and Wildlife Management, Akademicka, Lublin, Poland.
Department of Zoology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka, Lublin, Poland.
J Insect Sci. 2019 Jan 1;19(1):17. doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iez005.
As degradation of sensitive habitats like Sphagnum L. (Sphagnales: Sphagnaceae) peatbogs is endangering their invertebrate fauna, artificial peat pools may offer peatbog insect fauna a chance of survival. The entomofauna of seven peat pools in a peatbog and its surrounding natural marginal zone in SE Poland was investigated at the level of species, assemblages and faunistic metrics, indicating the key environmental drivers of the insect distribution and their implications for the biodiversity and potential conservation of these habitats. The species composition, specialists, and insect assemblages of the peat pools were linked with the fauna typical of both peatbogs and dystrophic pools with an open water surface. The most specialized fauna was found in the pools with the largest Sphagnum cover: only tyrphobionts, of all the ecological elements, significantly discriminated the fauna of peat pools and the marginal zone. Sphagnum cover was the key structural factor affecting the distribution of all the insects. Additionally, dragonflies were dependent on pH, beetles on temperature, and caddisflies on dissolved oxygen; however, structural factors-apart from Sphagnum cover-pool perimeter and emergent vegetation cover were predominant. Our results show that appropriate management of the structural factors of peat pools, especially Sphagnum cover, and the provision of different successional stages, can enhance biodiversity and help to maintain a valuable specialist fauna. Even along small environmental gradients and in a homogeneous area, the response of insects is highly differentiated. Dragonflies probably best represent the conservation value of the overall invertebrate fauna of Sphagnum bogs.
由于泥炭藓属（泥炭藓目：泥炭藓科）泥炭沼泽等敏感栖息地的退化正危及其中的无脊椎动物区系，人工泥炭池可能为泥炭沼泽昆虫区系提供生存机会。在物种、群落和动物区系指标层面，对波兰东南部一个泥炭沼泽及其周边自然边缘地带的七个泥炭池的昆虫区系进行了调查，揭示了昆虫分布的关键环境驱动因素及其对这些栖息地生物多样性和潜在保护的影响。泥炭池的物种组成、特有物种和昆虫群落与泥炭沼泽和具有开阔水面的贫营养池的典型动物区系相关。在泥炭藓覆盖面积最大的池中发现了最具特色的动物区系：在所有生态要素中，只有喜湿生物显著区分了泥炭池和边缘地带的动物区系。泥炭藓覆盖是影响所有昆虫分布的关键结构因素。此外，蜻蜓依赖于pH值，甲虫依赖于温度，毛翅目昆虫依赖于溶解氧；然而，除了泥炭藓覆盖外，结构因素——池周长和挺水植被覆盖更为重要。我们的研究结果表明，对泥炭池结构因素，尤其是泥炭藓覆盖进行适当管理，并提供不同的演替阶段，可以增强生物多样性，并有助于维持有价值的特有动物区系。即使在小的环境梯度和同质区域内，昆虫的反应也高度分化。蜻蜓可能最能代表泥炭藓沼泽整体无脊椎动物区系的保护价值。
