Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.
Institut Langevin, ESPCI Paris, CNRS UMR7587, PSL Research University, 1 rue Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France.
Nat Commun. 2019 Feb 12;10(1):717. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-08583-6.
Studying the internal structure of complex samples with light is an important task but a difficult challenge due to light scattering. While the complex optical distortions induced by scattering can be effectively undone if the medium's scattering-matrix is known, this matrix generally cannot be retrieved without the presence of an invasive detector or guide-star at the target points of interest. To overcome this limitation, the current state-of-the-art approaches utilize focused ultrasound for generating acousto-optic guide-stars, in a variety of different techniques. Here, we introduce the acousto-optic transmission matrix (AOTM), which is an ultrasonically-encoded, spatially-resolved, optical scattering-matrix. The AOTM provides both a generalized framework to describe any acousto-optic based technique, and a tool for light control and focusing beyond the acoustic diffraction-limit inside complex samples. We experimentally demonstrate complex light control using the AOTM singular vectors, and utilize the AOTM framework to analyze the resolution limitation of acousto-optic guided focusing approaches.
用光线研究复杂样本的内部结构是一项重要任务，但由于光散射，这也是一项艰巨的挑战。如果已知介质的散射矩阵，那么复杂的光学扭曲可以被有效地消除，但是如果没有在感兴趣的目标点处存在侵入式探测器或导星，这个矩阵通常无法被获取。为了克服这个限制，目前的最先进的方法利用聚焦超声来产生声光导星，使用各种不同的技术。在这里，我们引入了声光传输矩阵（AOTM），它是一种超声编码的、空间分辨的、光学散射矩阵。AOTM 为任何基于声光的技术提供了一个通用框架，并为在复杂样本内部超越声衍射极限进行光控制和聚焦提供了一个工具。我们通过使用 AOTM 奇异向量实验性地演示了复杂的光控制，并利用 AOTM 框架分析了声光引导聚焦方法的分辨率限制。
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