Asakawa Tetsuya, Sugiyama Kenji, Nozaki Takao, Sameshima Tetsuro, Kobayashi Susumu, Wang Liang, Hong Zhen, Chen Shujiao, Li Candong, Namba Hiroki
Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine.
Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo). 2019 Mar 15;59(3):69-78. doi: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2018-0045. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
Dramatic breakthroughs in the treatment and assessment of neurological diseases are lacking. We believe that conventional methods have several limitations. Computerized technologies, including virtual reality, augmented reality, and robot assistant systems, are advancing at a rapid pace. In this study, we used Parkinson's disease (PD) as an example to elucidate how the latest computerized technologies can improve the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. Dopaminergic medication and deep brain stimulation remain the most effective interventions for treating PD. Subjective scales, such as the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and the Hoehn and Yahr stage, are still the most widely used assessments. Wearable sensors, virtual reality, augmented reality, and robot assistant systems are increasingly being used for evaluation of patients with PD. The use of such computerized technologies can result in safe, objective, real-time behavioral assessments. Our experiences and understanding of PD have led us to believe that such technologies can provide real-time assessment, which will revolutionize the traditional assessment and treatment of PD. New technologies are desired that can revolutionize PD treatment and facilitate real-time adjustment of treatment based on motor fluctuations, such as telediagnosis systems and "smart treatment systems." The use of these technologies will substantially improve both the assessment and the treatment of neurological diseases before next-generation treatments, such as stem cell and genetic therapy, and next-generation assessments, can be clinically practiced, although the current level of artificial intelligence cannot replace the role of clinicians.
神经疾病的治疗和评估缺乏重大突破。我们认为传统方法存在若干局限性。包括虚拟现实、增强现实和机器人辅助系统在内的计算机技术正在迅速发展。在本研究中，我们以帕金森病（PD）为例，阐明最新的计算机技术如何能够改善神经疾病的诊断和治疗。多巴胺能药物和深部脑刺激仍然是治疗帕金森病最有效的干预措施。主观量表，如统一帕金森病评定量表和霍恩-雅尔分期，仍然是使用最广泛的评估方法。可穿戴传感器、虚拟现实、增强现实和机器人辅助系统越来越多地用于评估帕金森病患者。使用此类计算机技术可实现安全、客观、实时的行为评估。我们对帕金森病的经验和理解使我们相信，此类技术能够提供实时评估，这将彻底改变帕金森病的传统评估和治疗方式。人们期望有能够彻底改变帕金森病治疗方式并便于根据运动波动实时调整治疗的新技术，如远程诊断系统和“智能治疗系统”。在干细胞和基因治疗等下一代治疗方法以及下一代评估方法能够在临床上应用之前，这些技术的使用将大幅改善神经疾病的评估和治疗，尽管目前人工智能的水平尚无法取代临床医生的作用。
