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病理性G蛋白偶联受体聚集的发现

Discovery of Pathologic GPCR Aggregation.

作者信息

Quitterer Ursula, AbdAlla Said

机构信息

Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Department of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

出版信息

Front Med (Lausanne). 2019 Jan 30;6:9. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2019.00009. eCollection 2019.

Abstract

The family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is one of the most important drug targets. Mechanisms underlying GPCR activation and signaling are therefore of great pharmacologic interest. It was long thought that GPCRs exist and function as monomers. This feature was considered to distinguish GPCRs from other membrane receptors such as receptor tyrosine kinases or cytokine receptors, which signal from dimeric receptor complexes. But during the last two decades it was increasingly recognized that GPCRs can undergo aggregation to form dimers and higher order oligomers, resulting in homomeric and/or heteromeric protein complexes with different stoichiometries. Moreover, this protein complex formation could modify GPCR signaling and function. We contributed to this paradigm shift in GPCR pharmacology by the discovery of the first pathologic GPCR aggregation, which is the protein complex formation between the angiotensin II AT1 receptor and the bradykinin B2 receptor. Increased AT1-B2 heteromerization accounts for the angiotensin II hypersensitivity of pregnant women with preeclampsia hypertension. Since the discovery of AT1-B2, other pathologic GPCR aggregates were found, which contribute to atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease. As a result of our findings, pathologic GPCR aggregation appears as an independent and disease-specific process, which is increasingly considered as a novel target for pharmacologic intervention.

摘要

G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)家族是最重要的药物靶点之一。因此,GPCR激活和信号传导的机制具有极大的药理学研究价值。长期以来,人们一直认为GPCR以单体形式存在并发挥作用。这一特性被认为是GPCR与其他膜受体(如受体酪氨酸激酶或细胞因子受体)的区别所在,后者通过二聚体受体复合物进行信号传导。但在过去二十年中,人们越来越认识到GPCR能够发生聚集形成二聚体和更高阶的寡聚体,从而产生具有不同化学计量比的同聚体和/或异聚体蛋白复合物。此外,这种蛋白复合物的形成可能会改变GPCR的信号传导和功能。我们通过发现首个病理性GPCR聚集现象,即血管紧张素II 1型受体(AT1)与缓激肽B2受体(B2)之间形成蛋白复合物,为GPCR药理学的这一范式转变做出了贡献。子痫前期高血压孕妇的血管紧张素II超敏反应是由AT1-B2异聚体增加所致。自发现AT1-B2以来,又发现了其他病理性GPCR聚集体,它们与动脉粥样硬化、神经退行性变和阿尔茨海默病有关。基于我们的研究结果,病理性GPCR聚集似乎是一个独立的、疾病特异性的过程,越来越被视为药理学干预的新靶点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/424e/6363654/b7f2ae263dc6/fmed-06-00009-g0001.jpg

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