Ivanova N N, Khomich L M, Perova I B, Eller K I
Non-Commercial organization «Russian Union of Juice Producers» (RSPS), Moscow.
Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety, Moscow.
Vopr Pitan. 2018;87(6):95-105. doi: 10.24411/0042-8833-2018-10046. Epub 2018 Nov 13.
The nutrient profile of grape juice is presented on the basis of reference books data analysis, scientific publications and research results. The profile contains more than 30 food and biologically active substances (BAS). Grape juice does not have high acidity, it contains on average 0.4 g of organic acids per 100 cm. Tartaric acid and L-malic acid are major acids in grape juice. The presence of tartaric acid is a distinctive feature of grape juice, in other juices it presents extremely rare and only in traces. Potassium, magnesium, iron, manganese, as well as flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids are the most important for grape juice from the point of view of providing humans with micronutrients and minor BAS. Juices from red/purple grapes varieties contain anthocyanins (on average 3 mg/100 cm), the color of grapes and grape juices are associated with them, about 50% of the anthocyanins are malvidin glycosides. Resveratrol (an average of 0.01 mg/ 100 cm), a stilbenoid, is also found in grape juices, this substance is widely studied recently due to its high antioxidant activity. Caftaric acid prevails among hydroxycinnamic acids presented in grape juice (on average 5 mg/100 cm). A portion of industrial grape juice contains, on average, 6-10% of human daily need for potassium, about 5-8% for magnesium, iron and manganese. The content of flavonoids per serving is about 25% of the adequate level of daily consumption, and the content of hydroxycinnamic acids exceeds it. Studies of fresh grapes purchased in commercial networks show that the content of magnesium, iron and manganese in grape juices of industrial production is comparable to the content of these micronutriens in fresh fruit.
葡萄汁的营养成分是基于参考书籍数据分析、科学出版物和研究结果呈现的。该成分包含30多种食物和生物活性物质(BAS)。葡萄汁酸度不高,每100立方厘米平均含有0.4克有机酸。酒石酸和L - 苹果酸是葡萄汁中的主要酸类。酒石酸的存在是葡萄汁的一个显著特征,在其他果汁中极为罕见且仅含微量。从为人体提供微量营养素和少量生物活性物质的角度来看,钾、镁、铁、锰以及类黄酮和羟基肉桂酸对葡萄汁最为重要。红/紫葡萄品种的果汁含有花青素(平均每100立方厘米3毫克),葡萄和葡萄汁的颜色与它们有关,约50%的花青素是锦葵色素糖苷。葡萄汁中还含有白藜芦醇(平均每100立方厘米0.01毫克),一种芪类化合物,由于其高抗氧化活性,该物质最近得到了广泛研究。咖啡酸在葡萄汁中的羟基肉桂酸中占主导地位(平均每%100立方厘米5毫克)。一份工业葡萄汁平均含有约6 - 10%的人体每日所需钾,约5 - 8%的镁、铁和锰。每份类黄酮的含量约为每日适量摄入量的25%,而羟基肉桂酸的含量超过了这一水平。对在商业网络购买的新鲜葡萄的研究表明,工业生产的葡萄汁中镁、铁和锰的含量与新鲜水果中这些微量营养素的含量相当。