Scouten William T, Francis Gary L
a Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Portsmouth Naval Medical Center, 620 John Paul Jones Circle, Portsmouth, VA 23708, USA.
b Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia, PO Box 980140, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab. 2006 May;1(3):353-366. doi: 10.1586/17446651.1.3.353.
Differentiated thyroid cancers, including papillary and follicular variants, are a useful model with which to examine interactions between cancer and the immune system. Differentiated thyroid cancers are detected in only 20,000 individuals annually in the USA, but thyroid microcarcinomas (< 1 cm in diameter) are far more common. This suggests that the immune system might restrain the growth of these microcarcinomas. On the clinical level, patients with lymphocytes that infiltrate into papillary thyroid cancer have improved survival, supporting the notion that immune system activation might improve this. Together, these observations suggest that the growth and distant spread of thyroid carcinoma are suppressed by mechanisms of immune surveillance, possibly involving lymphocytes, macrophages and their secreted products. In this review, we examine the general hypothesis of immune surveillance and the data pertaining to the roles of lymphocytes, dendritic cells and cytokines in the immune response against thyroid cancers.
分化型甲状腺癌，包括乳头状癌和滤泡状癌变体，是研究癌症与免疫系统相互作用的有用模型。在美国，每年仅有20000人被检测出患有分化型甲状腺癌，但甲状腺微小癌（直径<1厘米）更为常见。这表明免疫系统可能会抑制这些微小癌的生长。在临床层面，淋巴细胞浸润到乳头状甲状腺癌的患者生存率有所提高，这支持了免疫系统激活可能改善病情的观点。综合这些观察结果表明，甲状腺癌的生长和远处转移受到免疫监视机制的抑制，可能涉及淋巴细胞、巨噬细胞及其分泌产物。在这篇综述中，我们探讨了免疫监视的一般假说以及淋巴细胞、树突状细胞和细胞因子在抗甲状腺癌免疫反应中的作用相关数据。
