Department of Forensic Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2019 Feb 14;24(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12199-019-0766-z.
The solitary death rate in Japan is expected to continue increasing because of its growing super-aged society and the rapid growth of home care in the country. To accurately determine the actual status of solitary deaths, we used a novel analysis method of combining vital statistics and ambulatory care information in Yokohama City.
Data of persons who died at home in 2013 were obtained from death certificate notifications. We also obtained the emergency transportation records that matched the cases of these death certificate notifications. Then, we gathered information regarding age, gender, marital status, and cause of death for the matched cases.
There were 1890 "suspected unnatural deaths," in which most solitary deaths could be included, among all citizens who died at home (n = 4847). We were able to match 1503 of these cases with emergency transportation records. These 1503 cases were divided into two groups, "solitary death" (n = 349) and "un-solitary death" (n = 1154) according to the postmortem interval until finding (PMI-f). Pearson's χ tests conducted for the two groups revealed that there were significant differences regarding the proportion of persons who were elderly, unmarried, male, and had a hepatic disease and senility. A logistic regression analysis also showed that an increased likelihood of a prolonged PMI-f was associated with males and an unmarried status with hepatic diseases.
Unmarried, male sex, and liver diseases are independent risks for solitary death in Yokohama City.
由于日本超老龄社会的发展和国内家庭护理的迅速增长，预计其独居死亡人数将继续增加。为了准确确定独居死亡的实际状况，我们使用了一种将生命统计数据和巡回医疗信息相结合的新分析方法对横滨市进行了分析。
从死亡证明通知中获取了 2013 年在家中死亡的人员数据。我们还获得了与这些死亡证明通知相匹配的紧急运输记录。然后，我们收集了与匹配病例相关的年龄、性别、婚姻状况和死因信息。
在所有在家中死亡的公民（n=4847）中，有 1890 例“疑似非自然死亡”，其中大多数独居死亡都包含在内。我们能够将这些病例中的 1503 例与紧急运输记录相匹配。根据发现时的死后间隔时间（PMI-f），这 1503 例被分为两组，“独居死亡”（n=349）和“非独居死亡”（n=1154）。对两组进行的 Pearson χ 检验显示，在年龄、未婚、男性以及患有肝病和衰老的比例方面存在显著差异。逻辑回归分析还表明，PMI-f 延长的可能性与男性和未婚与肝病有关。
在横滨市，未婚、男性和肝脏疾病是独居死亡的独立危险因素。
