N Zi Konan Constant, Traoré Youssouf, Dindji Médé Roger, Acho Yapo Blaise, Bonny Jean-Sylvain
Sante Publique. 2018 September-October;30(5):747-754. doi: 10.3917/spub.186.0747.
Objectif: This study describes the management of medical waste at the University Hospital of Cocody, and appreciates the biological risk for care and cleaning staff.
From August 1st to 21st, 2015, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in intensive care units, gynecology-obstetrics, pediatrics-neonatology and anatomy-pathology. Care and cleaning staff filled in a standardized questionnaire. Empirical data was obtained on professional characteristics and management policy; treatment of biomedical waste and biological risk.
The management of biomedical waste was irrational because of: inadequate management policy, lack of material resources and staff training. Biological exposure of the staff was so obvious. We noted: lack of microplans (92.23%) and tools for managing biomedical waste (83.50%). Any medical waste manager was identified in the services (78.64%). Selective sorting was practiced for needLe and blades with conventional safety boxes (59.22%), filled to over flow (44.6%). Color-coding wasn't respected for others infectious waste (95.15%) and the garbage used for their collection lacked closures (84.4%).Participants were not immunized against hepatitis B virus (40%) and 16% reported cases of blood exposure accident. About 30% of them were neither sensitized nor trained to treat BMW.
A participatory management policy, training and staff awareness are essential to improve the quality of biomedical waste management in this hospital.
目的：本研究描述了科科迪大学医院医疗废物的管理情况，并评估了护理人员和清洁人员面临的生物风险。
2015年8月1日至21日，在重症监护病房、妇产科、儿科 - 新生儿科和解剖病理学科室进行了横断面调查。护理人员和清洁人员填写了一份标准化问卷。获取了有关专业特征、管理政策、生物医学废物处理及生物风险的实证数据。
生物医学废物管理不合理，原因包括：管理政策不完善、物资资源缺乏和人员培训不足。工作人员的生物暴露情况很明显。我们注意到：缺乏微观计划（92.23%）和生物医学废物管理工具（83.50%）。各科室均未指定医疗废物管理人员（78.64%）。对于针头和刀片，使用传统安全盒进行选择性分类（59.22%），安全盒装满溢出（44.6%）。对于其他感染性废物，未遵守颜色编码规定（95.15%），且用于收集这些废物的垃圾桶没有盖子（84.4%）。参与者未接种乙肝病毒疫苗（40%），16%报告有血液暴露事故。约30%的人既未接受过处理生物医学废物的致敏培训也未接受过相关训练。
参与式管理政策、培训及提高工作人员意识对于改善该医院生物医学废物管理质量至关重要。
