Ferreira Sâmila Natiane, Leite Mauro de Meira, Silveira Monique Suellen Lima da, Santos Erika Ferreira Dos, Silva Andréa Luciana Soares da, Santos Eduardo José Melo Dos
Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários, Brazil.
Human and Medical Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Brazil.
Hum Immunol. 2019 Apr;80(4):243-247. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.02.006. Epub 2019 Feb 12.
The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) harbors key genes of the immune response that are likely useful as biomarkers for infectious diseases. However, little is known about their microRNAs and what role they play in infections. The present study aimed to describe the miRNA genes in the MHC (MHC-miRNA), their variability and associations with infectious diseases. Additionally, MHC-miRNA host and target genes were also evaluated in associations with infectious diseases. Surveys in several databases and literature reviews identified 48 MHC-miRNA genes, with high SNP and CNV variability able to disrupt MHC-miRNA expression and putatively under selective pressure. Eight MHC-miRNAs were found inside or close regions of classical MHC rearrangements (RCCX and DRB genome organization). The proportion of MHC-miRNAs associated with infections (23%) was higher than the proportion found for the 1917 hsa-miRNA (4%). Additionally, 35 MHC-miRNAs (57%) have at least one of their target genes associated with infectious diseases, while all nine MHC-miRNA whose host genes were associated with infections have also their target genes associated with infections, being host and target genes of five MHC-miRNAs reported to be associated with the same diseases. This finding may reflect a concerted miRNA-mediated immune response mechanism triggered by infection.
主要组织相容性复合体（MHC）包含免疫反应的关键基因，这些基因可能作为传染病的生物标志物。然而，人们对其微小RNA及其在感染中所起的作用知之甚少。本研究旨在描述MHC中的微小RNA基因（MHC-miRNA）、它们的变异性以及与传染病的关联。此外，还评估了MHC-miRNA宿主基因和靶基因与传染病的关联。通过对多个数据库的调查和文献综述，确定了48个MHC-miRNA基因，其单核苷酸多态性（SNP）和拷贝数变异（CNV）具有高变异性，能够破坏MHC-miRNA的表达，并且可能处于选择压力之下。在经典MHC重排区域（RCCX和DRB基因组组织）内部或附近发现了8个MHC-miRNA。与感染相关的MHC-miRNA比例（23%）高于1917个人类微小RNA（hsa-miRNA）中发现的比例（4%）。此外，35个MHC-miRNA（57%）至少有一个靶基因与传染病相关，而所有9个宿主基因与感染相关的MHC-miRNA，其靶基因也与感染相关，其中5个MHC-miRNA的宿主基因和靶基因被报道与相同疾病相关。这一发现可能反映了由感染触发的协调一致的微小RNA介导的免疫反应机制。
