Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University & Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan 2nd Road 74, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shatai Road South 1023-1063, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
Int J Legal Med. 2019 Nov;133(6):1819-1824. doi: 10.1007/s00414-019-02021-4. Epub 2019 Feb 15.
Diatom test has been a significant tool for the diagnosis of drowning. The reliability of the diatom test is still in strong dispute in the field of forensic science because of the false-positive results. This study was designed to quantitatively compare the numbers of the diatoms in false-positive cases and true drowning cases. Diatom samples from 64 victims were used in this study: 32 cases are confirmed drowning victims and other 32 cases died from non-drowned death. Samples were subject for the diatom test those were analyzed by the microwave digestion-vacuum filtration-automated scanning electron microscopy method (MD-VF-Auto SEM method) that we developed before. The results did show that there are false-positive diatoms detected in the liver and kidney tissues of non-drowned bodies: 6/20 in liver tissues and 7/20 in kidney tissues. However, the quantitative studies showed that there are statistical differences with the numbers of diatoms in the false-positive cases and in the true drowning cases. Diatom test of single organ is difficult for us to distinguish the sources of the diatoms detected. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of multiple organs would be more useful for the diagnosis of drowning.
硅藻检验已成为诊断溺水的重要工具。由于存在假阳性结果，硅藻检验在法医学领域的可靠性仍存在很大争议。本研究旨在定量比较假阳性病例和真正溺水病例中的硅藻数量。本研究使用了 64 名受害者的硅藻样本：32 例被确认为溺水受害者，其他 32 例死于非溺水死亡。对这些样本进行了硅藻检验，采用我们之前开发的微波消解-真空过滤-自动扫描电子显微镜法（MD-VF-Auto SEM 法）进行分析。结果确实表明，在非溺水者的肝和肾组织中检测到了假阳性硅藻：肝组织中为 6/20，肾组织中为 7/20。然而，定量研究表明，假阳性病例和真正溺水病例中的硅藻数量存在统计学差异。单一器官的硅藻检验很难区分检测到的硅藻的来源。因此，对多个器官进行综合分析对于溺水的诊断更有用。
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