Laser Chemistry Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid. Plaza de Ciencias 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Laser Chemistry Research Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid. Plaza de Ciencias 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 May 15;665:125-132. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.116. Epub 2019 Feb 8.
The present work reports on the analysis of atmospheric aerosols in the Antarctic region, Deception Island, collected during austral summer 2016-2017 by field measurements carried from Gabriel de Castilla Spanish Research Station. A low-volume sampler was used to capture the aerosols depositing them onto the air filters. A chemical analysis of the samples using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) provided the total carbon (TC), organic carbon (OC), elemental Carbon (EC) and elements such as Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P, S, Cu, Pb, Sr, Ti, Zn and Cr. The average mass concentration of particulate matter (PM) originated by natural and anthropogenic activities was calculated as 10 ± 4 μg/m, although values such as 28.2 μg/m were also obtained which is very high even when compared to other places in the coast of the Antarctic region. In addition, high enrichment factors have been found for elements such as Pb, Cr, Cu and Zn showing a remote anthropogenic contribution to particulate matter in this region. Correlations were found between Na, Mg, Ca, Al, Ti and S, where Na/Mg displayed the influence of marine environments, S correspond to volcanic activities, Ca to penguin colonies and influence of sea whereas Al/Ti indicated the crustal origin. Polar contour graphical maps were obtained from meteorological data using chemometrics methods, which allowed reproducing wind maps revealing the distribution of the aerosols and possible emission sources of different elements in the area. Given that this island has not been previously studied for atmospheric contamination, this work provides an interesting insight about the site-specific characteristics of particulate matter.
本工作报道了 2016-2017 年南极德塞阿多岛（Deception Island）大气气溶胶的分析结果，这些气溶胶是在加布里埃尔·德·卡斯蒂利亚西班牙研究站进行野外测量时采集的。使用小体积采样器收集沉积在空气过滤器上的气溶胶。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）和电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-AES）对样品进行化学分析，提供了总碳（TC）、有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）和 Al、Ca、Fe、K、Mg、Na、P、S、Cu、Pb、Sr、Ti、Zn 和 Cr 等元素。由自然和人为活动产生的颗粒物（PM）的平均质量浓度计算为 10±4μg/m，但也获得了 28.2μg/m 等非常高的数值，即使与南极地区海岸的其他地方相比也是如此。此外，还发现 Pb、Cr、Cu 和 Zn 等元素的富集因子很高，表明该地区颗粒物存在远程人为贡献。Na、Mg、Ca、Al、Ti 和 S 之间存在相关性，其中 Na/Mg 显示了海洋环境的影响，S 对应于火山活动，Ca 对应于企鹅聚居地和海洋的影响，而 Al/Ti 则指示了地壳的起源。使用化学计量学方法从气象数据中获得极地轮廓图，这些图再现了风场图，揭示了气溶胶的分布以及该地区不同元素的可能排放源。鉴于该岛以前没有进行过大气污染研究，这项工作为了解该地区颗粒物的特定地点特征提供了一个有趣的视角。
