[无牙颌患者种植覆盖义齿Locator附着体的口腔卫生维护：一项纵向研究]
[Oral hygiene maintenance of locator attachments implant overdentures in edentulous population: A longitudinal study].
作者信息
Liu X Q, Chen Q W, Feng H L, Wang B, Qu J, Sun Z, Heng M D, Pan S X
机构信息
Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
Dental Laboratory, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.
出版信息
Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2019 Feb 18;51(1):136-144. doi: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167X.2019.01.024.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the oral hygiene status of edentulous patients with locator attachments implant overdentures (IOD) and to analyze the relationship among daily hygiene behavior, oral hygiene status and peri-implant diseases.
METHODS
Edentulous patients who received IOD treatment with locator attachments from January 2012 to May 2016 were recruited. Clinical and radiographic examinations were conducted to assess the peri-implant tissue status. Modified plaque index (mPLI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), gingival index (GI), and probing depth (PD) were recorded and peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) was measured using paralleling projection technique. Patients' peri-implant oral hygiene maintainence habits were investigated. The correlation between peri-implant diseases and oral hygiene status and behaviors was analyzed.
RESULTS
Fifty patients (125 implants) with an average follow-up time of 22 months (6-54 months) were enrolled. The mean values of mPLI, SBI, and GI were 1.4±1.2, 0.8±0.7, and 0.7± 0.6, respectively. Average PD was (2.2±0.7) mm. Mesial and distal maginal bone resorptions were (1.1±1.1) mm and (0.9±0.9) mm, respectively. The prevalance of mucositis and peri-implantitis of the implants were 49.6% and 0. The prevelance of mucositis in the patients with poor oral hygiene (mPLI≥2) was 11.9 times as much as that of those with adequate oral hygiene (mPLI<1). The patients who performed oral hygiene procedure on attachments at least twice a day achieved much lower mPLI scores than those who cleaned less than twice a day.
CONCLUSION
Oral hygiene condition in the group of patients with implant overdentures was poor, and it contributed to increased risk of peri-implant mucositis. The prevelance of musositis of the paitients with poor oral hygiene was 11.9 times as much as that of those with proper oral hygiene. Patients wearing IOD should pay more attention to the hygiene of the attachments.
目的
调查采用Locator附着体种植覆盖义齿（IOD）的无牙颌患者的口腔卫生状况，并分析日常卫生行为、口腔卫生状况与种植体周围疾病之间的关系。
方法
招募2012年1月至2016年5月期间接受Locator附着体IOD治疗的无牙颌患者。进行临床和影像学检查以评估种植体周围组织状况。记录改良菌斑指数（mPLI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、牙龈指数（GI）和探诊深度（PD），并使用平行投照技术测量种植体周围边缘骨吸收（MBL）。调查患者种植体周围口腔卫生维护习惯。分析种植体周围疾病与口腔卫生状况及行为之间的相关性。
结果
纳入50例患者（125枚种植体），平均随访时间为22个月（6 - 54个月）。mPLI、SBI和GI的平均值分别为1.4±1.2、0.8±0.7和0.7±0.6。平均PD为（2.2±0.7）mm。近中及远中边缘骨吸收分别为（1.1±1.1）mm和（0.9±0.9）mm。种植体的黏膜炎患病率为49.6%，种植体周围炎患病率为0。口腔卫生差（mPLI≥2）的患者黏膜炎患病率是口腔卫生良好（mPLI<1）患者的11.9倍。每天至少对附着体进行两次口腔卫生护理的患者mPLI得分远低于每天清洁次数少于两次的患者。
结论
种植覆盖义齿患者组的口腔卫生状况较差，这增加了种植体周围黏膜炎的风险。口腔卫生差的患者黏膜炎患病率是口腔卫生良好患者的11.9倍。佩戴IOD的患者应更加注意附着体的卫生。
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