López-López Ana, Poch-Olivé María Luisa, López-Pisón Javier, Cardo-Jalón Esther
Departamento de Psicología, Hospital Son Llatzer, Son Ferriol, Islas Baleares, España.
Neuropediatría, Hospital San Pedro de la Rioja, Logroño, España.
Medicina (B Aires). 2019;79(Suppl 1):68-71.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder, of a chronic nature, of multifactorial etiology, mainly due to genetic and environmental factors. We conducted a retrospective analytical study of the t herapeutic management of children diagnosed with ADHD. A sample of 82 children diagnosed with ADHD (74.4% children and 25.6% girls) was studied. 96.3% of the cases presented some associated disorder. Pharmacological treatment was the treatment of choice (90.2%). 46.0% received immediate release methylphenidate, 51.4% sustained release methylphenidate and atomoxetine was only prescribed in 2.7% of patients. 20.3% of the sample abandoned pharmacological treatment at some point. Pharmacological treatment was the most frequent option in our sample, and methylphenidate immediate release the drug of choice for treatment initiation. The alternatives to stimulants are used in very low percentage of the patient. No significant differences were found between the type of treatment regarding the subtype of ADHD or gender, but we found significant difference in relation with the age of onset of treatment.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是一种复杂的异质性神经发育障碍，具有慢性特点，病因多因素，主要归因于遗传和环境因素。我们对诊断为ADHD的儿童的治疗管理进行了一项回顾性分析研究。研究了82例诊断为ADHD的儿童样本（74.4%为男孩，25.6%为女孩）。96.3%的病例存在一些相关疾病。药物治疗是首选治疗方法（90.2%）。46.0%的患者接受速释哌甲酯，51.4%的患者接受缓释哌甲酯，仅2.7%的患者开具了托莫西汀。20.3%的样本在某个时间点放弃了药物治疗。在我们的样本中，药物治疗是最常见的选择，速释哌甲酯是治疗开始时的首选药物。兴奋剂的替代药物在患者中的使用比例非常低。在ADHD亚型或性别方面，治疗类型之间未发现显著差异，但我们发现与治疗开始年龄有关存在显著差异。
