Bertsatos Andreas, Chovalopoulou Maria-Eleni
Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, GR 157 01 Athens, Greece.
Department of Animal and Human Physiology, Faculty of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, GR 157 01 Athens, Greece.
Forensic Sci Int. 2019 Apr;297:65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.01.041. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
The diaphyseal cross-sectional geometric properties of the humerus, femur and tibia have been extensively used for studying their adaptation to mechanical loading. To date common practices for such studies involve either computed tomography or the latex cast method in conjunction with image analysis for calculating such properties. With the advent of modern laser scanning and photogrammetry technologies in biological anthropology, the computation of the cross-sectional geometric properties directly from 3D models is a viable and sensible alternative. Nevertheless, such method has not been properly implemented as yet. A dedicated toolkit, named long-bone-diaphyseal-CSG-Toolkit, comprising a set of functions for the GNU Octave programming language, is presented here. Offering a robust analytical implementation and an easy to follow application either for a single bone or in batch-processing mode, the toolkit requires minimum user intervention and also provides functionality for graphical representation of the calculated periosteal contours and their respective cross-sectional geometric properties. Finally, the long-bone-diaphyseal-CSG-Toolkit utilizes advanced optimization algorithms, which eliminate intra- and inter-observer error by reliably orienting the cross-sectional contours to a well-defined orientation and close to the bone's true anatomical position, which provides a significant advantage over the latex cast method.
肱骨、股骨和胫骨的骨干横截面几何特性已被广泛用于研究它们对机械负荷的适应性。迄今为止，此类研究的常见做法包括计算机断层扫描或乳胶铸型法，并结合图像分析来计算这些特性。随着现代激光扫描和摄影测量技术在生物人类学中的出现，直接从三维模型计算横截面几何特性是一种可行且合理的替代方法。然而，这种方法尚未得到妥善实施。本文介绍了一个名为长骨骨干CSG工具包的专用工具包，它包含一组用于GNU Octave编程语言的函数。该工具包为单根骨骼或批量处理模式提供了强大的分析实现和易于遵循的应用程序，需要最少的用户干预，还提供了计算出的骨膜轮廓及其各自横截面几何特性的图形表示功能。最后，长骨骨干CSG工具包利用先进的优化算法，通过将横截面轮廓可靠地定向到明确的方向并接近骨骼的真实解剖位置，消除了观察者内部和观察者之间的误差，这比乳胶铸型法具有显著优势。
