西班牙马略卡岛首次发现罗氏茎线虫的报告。

Andrés M F, Alonso R, Alemany A

Departamento Protección Vegetal, ICA, CSIC, Serrano 115, 28006 Madrid. Spain.

Universidad de las Islas Baleares, 07122 Palma de Mallorca. Spain.

Plant Dis. 2006 Sep;90(9):1262. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-1262C.

Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most important crops in the Balearic Islands with a yield of 35,000 t in 2004, distributed in 1,100 ha and mostly located in the Sa Pobla Region of Mallorca Island. Potato cyst nematode (PCN) species are widespread in potato crop regions of the Iberian Peninsula and Canary Islands, but only Globodera pallida is known to be present in Sa Pobla (1) where it causes significant yield reductions if it is not properly managed. In the spring of 2000, goldencolored females were detected in several root samples of plant potatoes. In 2001, 2002, and 2003, soil and root samples were collected at harvest from 28 fields to identify and quantify PCN species in this area. According to the European Plant Protection Organization (EPPO) diagnostic protocol, the identification of Globodera spp. populations was based on: (i) morphological and morphometrics characteristics of cyst vulval area and stylets of second-stage juveniles; (ii) protein electrophoresis patterns by isoelectric focusing (2); and (iii) DNA analysis by random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction techniques (2). PCN infestation was detected in 16 potato fields sampled. Mixed populations of G. rostochiensis and G. pallida were found in 14 fields distributed all around Sa Pobla, while two fields contained only G. pallida. The proportion of G. rostochiensis in mixed populations was low, rarely exceeding 20%. The origin of G. rostochiensis introduction in Mallorca is unknown since there is no direct link with other potato-growing areas of Spain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of G. rostochiensis in the Balearics Islands. The identification of G. rostochiensis in the Sa Pobla potato-production fields is very important for the development of a successful integrated pest management (IPM) program in this region. References: (1) M. L. Martinez-Beringola et al. Nematol. Medit. 15:183, 1987. (2) S. K. Ibrahim et al. Pest Manag. Sci. 57:1068, 2001.

马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）是巴利阿里群岛最重要的作物之一，2004年的产量为35000吨，分布在1100公顷的土地上，主要位于马略卡岛的萨波布拉地区。马铃薯胞囊线虫（PCN）物种在伊比利亚半岛和加那利群岛的马铃薯种植区广泛分布，但据了解，仅在萨波布拉地区存在苍白球孢囊线虫（1），如果管理不当，它会导致显著的产量下降。2000年春季，在一些种植马铃薯的根系样本中检测到了金黄色的雌虫。在2001年、2002年和2003年，收获时从28块田地采集了土壤和根系样本，以鉴定和量化该地区的PCN物种。根据欧洲植物保护组织（EPPO）的诊断规程，球孢囊线虫属种群的鉴定基于：（i）胞囊阴门区域和二期幼虫口针的形态和形态测量特征；（ii）等电聚焦的蛋白质电泳图谱（2）；以及（iii）随机扩增多态性DNA聚合酶链反应技术的DNA分析（2）。在采样的16块马铃薯田中检测到了PCN侵染。在萨波布拉周围分布的14块田地中发现了罗氏球孢囊线虫和苍白球孢囊线虫的混合种群，而两块田地仅含有苍白球孢囊线虫。罗氏球孢囊线虫在混合种群中的比例较低，很少超过20%。由于与西班牙其他马铃薯种植区没有直接联系，马略卡岛引入罗氏球孢囊线虫的来源不明。据我们所知，这是巴利阿里群岛首次报道罗氏球孢囊线虫。在萨波布拉马铃薯生产田地中鉴定出罗氏球孢囊线虫对于该地区制定成功的综合虫害管理（IPM）计划非常重要。参考文献：（1）M. L. Martinez-Beringola等人，《Nematol. Medit.》15:183，1987年。（2）S. K. Ibrahim等人，《Pest Manag. Sci.》57:1068，2001年。