Ray C D
Scand J Rehabil Med. 1978;10(2):65-74.
Electrical stimulation is emerging as a new therapeutic and rehabilitative agent. Reviewed are pain control, restoration of lost functions and alteration of abnormal movement and other functions using electrical stimulation. Reported for acute and chronic pain control use are transcutaneous, dorsal column, spinal cord, peripheral nerve, and direct brain stimulation methods and results. Overall success ranges up to 50% for chronic pain problems and up to 80% for acute pain; e.g., postoperative incisional pain, sports medicine, and trauma. Restoration of lost function has broad implications for the future. These include phrenic nerve pacing for respiration, foot drop control, restoration of bladder function, and grasp control in the spinal cord-injured patient. Amelioration of abnormal function includes stimulation for epilepsy and cerebral palsy, certain symptoms of multiple sclerosis and scoliosis. The effects of electrostimulation are completely reversible and nondestructive. Technical details of devices and stimulus waveforms are also briefly considered.
电刺激正成为一种新的治疗和康复手段。本文综述了使用电刺激进行疼痛控制、恢复丧失功能以及改变异常运动和其他功能的情况。报告了经皮、背柱、脊髓、周围神经和直接脑刺激等方法及其在急慢性疼痛控制中的应用和效果。对于慢性疼痛问题，总体成功率高达50%，对于急性疼痛，如术后切口疼痛、运动医学和创伤相关疼痛，成功率高达80%。恢复丧失功能对未来具有广泛意义。这些包括用于呼吸的膈神经起搏、控制足下垂、恢复膀胱功能以及脊髓损伤患者的抓握控制。改善异常功能包括对癫痫、脑瘫、多发性硬化症的某些症状和脊柱侧弯的刺激。电刺激的效果是完全可逆且无损伤的。还简要考虑了设备和刺激波形的技术细节。
