Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma - our experience with surgical approach.

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma is a serious complication of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy. Its incidence has increased in recent years due to an increasing number of patients on this treatment. A number of case series have been described in the literature. In the vast majority of cases, the hemodynamically stable patients were treated either conservatively or by selective radiological embolization of the bleeding source. A surgical approach is reported as a last choice in the cases where the conservative therapy fails, radiological intervention is unavailable, in patients with continuous bleeding or in patients who develop abdominal compartment syndrome. In our case report, we present a patient on anticoagulation therapy for deep venous thrombosis complicated by massive retroperitoneal bleeding: surgery was used as the method of first choice and the treatment was successful. Key words: retroperitoneal hematoma bleeding anticoagulation treatment surgery.