Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,
Zonnehuisgroep Amstelland, Amstelveen, the Netherlands.
Clin Interv Aging. 2019 Jan 30;14:231-239. doi: 10.2147/CIA.S189560. eCollection 2019.
The effects of sociodemographic factors on quality of life in older people differ strongly, possibly due to the fact that different measurement instruments have been used. The main aim of this cross-sectional study is to compare the associations of sex, age, marital status, education, and income with quality of life assessed with the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire-Older Adults Module (WHOQOL-OLD).
The associations between sociodemographic factors and eleven quality of life domains were examined using a sample of 1,492 Dutch people aged ≥50 years. Participants completed the "Senioren Barometer", a web-based questionnaire including sociodemographic factors, the SF-12, the WHOQOL-BREF, and the WHOQOL-OLD.
All the sociodemographic factors together explained a significant part of the variance of all the quality of life domains' scores, ranging from 5% to 17% for the WHOQOL-BREF, 5.8% to 6.7% for the SF-12, and 1.4% to 26% for the WHOQOL-OLD. Being a woman and being older were negatively associated with two and four quality of life domains, respectively. Being a woman, being married or cohabiting, and having higher education and a higher income were positively associated with six, six, one, and eleven quality of life domains, respectively.
Our study showed that the associations of sociodemographic factors and quality of life in middle-aged and older people depend on the instruments used to assess quality of life. We recommend that health care and welfare professionals focus particularly on people with a low income and carry out interventions aimed at improving their quality of life.
社会人口因素对老年人生活质量的影响差异很大，这可能是由于使用了不同的测量工具。本横断面研究的主要目的是比较性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度和收入与使用短式健康调查（SF-12）、世界卫生组织生活质量问卷-简明版（WHOQOL-BREF）和世界卫生组织生活质量问卷-老年人模块（WHOQOL-OLD）评估的生活质量之间的关联。
使用 1492 名年龄≥50 岁的荷兰人样本，使用一个样本检查社会人口因素与 11 个生活质量领域之间的关联。参与者完成了“老年人晴雨表”，这是一个基于网络的问卷，包括社会人口因素、SF-12、WHOQOL-BREF 和 WHOQOL-OLD。
所有社会人口因素共同解释了所有生活质量领域评分的显著部分方差，范围从 WHOQOL-BREF 的 5%到 17%，SF-12 的 5.8%到 6.7%，以及 WHOQOL-OLD 的 1.4%到 26%。女性和年龄较大与两个和四个生活质量领域分别呈负相关。女性、已婚或同居、接受更高的教育和更高的收入与六个、六个、一个和十一个生活质量领域分别呈正相关。
我们的研究表明，社会人口因素与中年和老年人生活质量的关联取决于用于评估生活质量的工具。我们建议医疗保健和福利专业人员特别关注低收入人群，并开展旨在提高其生活质量的干预措施。
