Azizi Hakim, Mirzaeei Hadi, Bagheri Amin, Bazi Ali, Khamesipour Ali, Yaghoobi Hajar, Mirzapour Aliyar, Khatami Mehrdad, Elikaee Samira
Department of Medical Parasitology, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran.
Acta Parasitol. 2019 Jun;64(2):236-245. doi: 10.2478/s11686-019-00030-2. Epub 2019 Feb 20.
Fasciolosis is a zoonotic parasitic disease imposing a heavy load of livestock losses worldwide.
We aimed to evaluate immune-stimulatory effects of naloxone (NLX), an opioid receptor antagonist, in combination with alum in mice vaccinated with excretory-secretory antigens (E/S) of Fasciola hepatica.
8-week-old female BALB/c mice were subcutaneously vaccinated using E/S antigens of F. hepatica. Experimental groups (14 mice per group) included: vaccine (E/S antigen), alum vaccine (E/S antigen plus alum), NLX vaccine (E/S antigen plus NLX), and alum-NLX vaccine (E/S antigen plus a mixture of alum-NLX). The control group was infused with PBS. Lymphocyte proliferation and the levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IgG2a, IgG1, and total IgG were measured.
Mice vaccinated with NLX or alum-NLX adjuvants showed significantly higher rates of lymphocyte proliferation, IFN-γ, total IgG, and IgG2a levels. The mice that were injected with alum showed a significantly higher concentration of IL-4. Ratios of IFN-γ/Il-4 and IgG2a/IgG1 were significantly higher in the NLX and alum-NLX groups in comparison with the groups vaccinated either with alum or without any adjuvant. A significantly higher protection rate (62.5%) was seen in mice vaccinated with the alum-NLX adjuvant compared to the other groups.
NLX can be effective in conferring cellular immunity and protection against F. hepatica. It is recommended to consider this agent as a potential adjuvant in vaccines against fasciolosis.
肝片吸虫病是一种人畜共患的寄生虫病，在全球范围内给牲畜造成了沉重的损失。
我们旨在评估阿片受体拮抗剂纳洛酮（NLX）与明矾联合使用对用肝片吸虫排泄-分泌抗原（E/S）免疫的小鼠的免疫刺激作用。
8周龄雌性BALB/c小鼠皮下接种肝片吸虫的E/S抗原。实验组（每组14只小鼠）包括：疫苗组（E/S抗原）、明矾疫苗组（E/S抗原加明矾）、NLX疫苗组（E/S抗原加NLX）和明矾-NLX疫苗组（E/S抗原加明矾-NLX混合物）。对照组注射磷酸盐缓冲液（PBS）。检测淋巴细胞增殖以及干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、免疫球蛋白G2a（IgG2a）、免疫球蛋白G1（IgG1）和总免疫球蛋白G（IgG）的水平。
接种NLX或明矾-NLX佐剂的小鼠淋巴细胞增殖率、IFN-γ、总IgG和IgG2a水平显著更高。注射明矾的小鼠IL-4浓度显著更高。与接种明矾或未使用任何佐剂的组相比，NLX组和明矾-NLX组的IFN-γ/IL-4和IgG2a/IgG1比值显著更高。与其他组相比，接种明矾-NLX佐剂的小鼠保护率显著更高（62.5%）。
NLX可有效赋予细胞免疫并提供针对肝片吸虫的保护作用。建议将该药物视为抗肝片吸虫病疫苗的潜在佐剂。
