David K J, Ramani S
National Bureau of Agricultural Insect Resources, Bangalore-560024, Karnataka, India.
Zootaxa. 2019 Jan 30;4551(2):101-146. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4551.2.1.
The tribe Dacini comprising four genera, namely Bactrocera Macquart, Dacus Fabricius, Monacrostichus Bezzi and Zeugodacus Hendel, is a derived lineage in Tephritidae. It is one of the most economically important tribes in Tephritidae harbouring several species of quarantine concern across the world. We describe two new species of Bactrocera Macquart, B. (Parazeugodacus) conica David Ramani, sp. n. B. (B.) prabhui David, sp. n. from India. Postabdominal structures of males and/or females of 23 species of Bactrocera, 16 species of Zeugodacus and 8 species of Dacus from India are illustrated and described for the first time, which revealed similarities between Dacus and Zeugodacus with respect to epandrial shape and praeputium patterning. Bactrocera is unique in possessing oval shaped epandrium and an unpatterned praeputium. An analysis of phylogenetic relationships between three genera of the tribe Dacini from India based on morphological characters has been attempted for the first time. Cladistic analysis employing 51 characters of 62 species in Dacini, with seven species as outgroups revealed the monophyly of Dacini, Bactrocera and Dacus with supporting nonhomplasious synapomorphies. Ichneumonopsis Hardy, often included in the Gastrozonini, does not possess any synapomorphies of Dacini, eventhough it appeared at the base of the Dacini clade. Zeugodacus was retrieved as a monophyletic sister-group to Dacus based solely on a single homoplasious host plant character, with weak statistcal support.
果实蝇族包含四个属，即果实蝇属（Bactrocera Macquart）、寡鬃实蝇属（Dacus Fabricius）、单缝实蝇属（Monacrostichus Bezzi）和绕实蝇属（Zeugodacus Hendel），是实蝇科中的一个衍生谱系。它是实蝇科中对经济影响最为重要的族之一，全世界有几种该族的物种受到检疫关注。我们描述了来自印度的果实蝇属（Bactrocera Macquart）的两个新物种，即圆锥果实蝇（B. (Parazeugodacus) conica David Ramani, sp. n.）和普拉布果实蝇（B. (B.) prabhui David, sp. n.）。首次对来自印度的23种果实蝇属、16种绕实蝇属和8种寡鬃实蝇属的雄性和/或雌性腹部后部结构进行了图示和描述，这揭示了寡鬃实蝇属和绕实蝇属在尾器外形和阳茎端基环图案方面的相似性。果实蝇属的独特之处在于其具有椭圆形的尾器外形和无图案的阳茎端基环。首次尝试基于形态特征对来自印度的果实蝇族三个属之间的系统发育关系进行分析。利用果实蝇族62个物种的51个特征进行分支分析，以7个物种作为外类群，结果显示果实蝇族、果实蝇属和寡鬃实蝇属是单系群，并具有支持性的非同源共衍征。哈氏姬蜂实蝇（Ichneumonopsis Hardy）通常被归入腹链姬蜂实蝇族（Gastrozonini），尽管它出现在果实蝇族分支基部，但不具有果实蝇族的任何共衍征。仅基于一个同源的寄主植物特征，绕实蝇属被检索为寡鬃实蝇属的单系姐妹群，统计支持较弱。
