Nunes Amélia F, Monteiro Pedro M L, Ferreira Francisco B P, Nunes António S
Department of Physics, University of Beira Interior, 6200, Covilhã, Portugal.
Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS), Covilhã, Portugal.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2019 Feb 21;19(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12886-019-1061-x.
Convergence and accommodative insufficiency represent the main cause of complaints during close visual work and can reduce visual performance and comfort. Knowing their prevalence among schoolchildren is fundamental to define strategies for action. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of these conditions in children in 5th and 6th school years in inland Portugal and to assess the impact that each visual condition has on their quality of life, based on the level of visual symptoms.
a cross-sectional study was carried out with children enrolled in the 5th and 6th school years. 372 children (192 girls) were assessed, with average ages of 10.9 ± 0.9 years. Refractive error and binocular vision assessment, integrating accommodative parameters, were used to analyse the visual condition. Symptoms were quantified using the Portuguese version of the CISS (Convergence Insufficiency Symptom Survey).
The prevalence of definite Convergence Insufficiency (CI) in the children assessed was 2%. A prevalence of 6,8% could be considered if clinically significant CI (high suspect and definite categories) cases are accounted. In relation to Accommodative Insufficiency (AI), a frequency rate of 10% was recorded, with 3% of the evaluated children presenting AI and CI simultaneously. The symptoms score was higher in AI than in CI.
A frequency of approximately 10% was found for each one of the visual syndromes, and it was verified that visual discomfort is common among teenagers who carry these conditions. In cases of asthenopia, such as headaches and loss of concentration, associated with near vision activities, there is a requirement to evaluate the quality of binocular vision.
集合不足和调节不足是近距离视觉工作时产生不适主诉的主要原因，会降低视觉表现和舒适度。了解其在学童中的患病率对于制定行动策略至关重要。本研究的目的是估计葡萄牙内陆地区五、六年级儿童中这些情况的发生率，并根据视觉症状水平评估每种视觉状况对其生活质量的影响。
对五、六年级入学儿童进行了一项横断面研究。评估了372名儿童（192名女孩），平均年龄为10.9±0.9岁。使用屈光不正和双眼视觉评估，并整合调节参数，来分析视觉状况。使用葡萄牙语版的CISS（集合不足症状调查）对症状进行量化。
在所评估儿童中，明确的集合不足（CI）患病率为2%。如果将具有临床意义的CI（高度可疑和明确类别）病例计算在内，患病率可达6.8%。关于调节不足（AI），记录的发生率为10%，3%的受评估儿童同时存在AI和CI。AI组的症状评分高于CI组。
每种视觉综合征的发生率约为10%，并且证实患有这些病症的青少年中视觉不适很常见。对于与近视力活动相关的眼疲劳情况，如头痛和注意力不集中，需要评估双眼视觉质量。
