a Department of Health Behavior and Health Education , University of Michigan School of Public Health , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.
b Office of HIV/AIDS , United States Agency for International Development , Washington , DC , USA.
Glob Public Health. 2019 Sep;14(9):1241-1251. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2019.1583266. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Men's relatively low rates of HIV testing has been termed the 'HIV blind spot' and recently declared by UNAIDS as a top priority. This study uses data from five nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys in Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe to explore factors associated with men's lifetime HIV testing. Between 29.3% and 34.9% of men ages 15-49 in these countries had never tested for HIV and men who held accepting attitudes towards gender-based violence, who lacked HIV knowledge, and who held stigmatising views of HIV were more likely to report never testing for HIV. Findings are interpreted, including a discussion of the possible unintended consequences of current 90-90-90 targets on men's relatively low testing rates. The results point to possible intervention opportunities to increase HIV testing among men in high-HIV prevalence settings in Eastern and Southern Africa and emphasise the importance of changing men's perceptions related to stigma and gender norms.
男性进行 HIV 检测的比例相对较低，这一现象被称为“HIV 盲区”，最近被联合国艾滋病规划署列为优先事项。本研究利用来自肯尼亚、马拉维、莫桑比克、赞比亚和津巴布韦的五个具有全国代表性的人口与健康调查的数据，探讨了与男性终身 HIV 检测相关的因素。在这些国家，15-49 岁的男性中，有 29.3%至 34.9%的人从未进行过 HIV 检测。那些对性别暴力持接受态度、缺乏 HIV 知识、对 HIV 持污名化观点的男性更有可能报告从未进行过 HIV 检测。研究结果进行了解释，包括讨论当前 90-90-90 目标对男性相对较低的检测率可能产生的意外后果。研究结果表明，在东非和南非 HIV 高发地区，可能有机会通过干预措施增加男性的 HIV 检测率，并强调了改变男性对污名和性别规范相关看法的重要性。
