Department of Human Pathology of the Adult, the Child and the Adolescent, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
J Reconstr Microsurg. 2019 Sep;35(7):485-488. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1679882. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Preclinical training in perforator flap harvesting is typically conducted on living animal models; however, repeated training is not possible with these models because of ethical and/or economical constraints. We describe an anterolateral thigh flap (ALT flap) training model using chicken thigh that seems to be an appropriate training model prior, for example, to raise a perforator flap in a living rat or swine model.
A total of 10 chicken legs were used in this study. Six chicken legs were anatomically dissected to confirm the presence of the perforator and to identify the main vascular tree. In four chicken legs, a skin flap was planned based on the perforator and intramuscular dissection was performed under magnification.
The perforator was identified in all dissections and was consistently found 3 cm above the line extending from the patella to the head of the femur in its third proximal. Proximally, the mean diameter of the artery and vein was 0.56 (σ = 0.04) and 0.84 (σ = 0.06) mm, respectively. The mean dissection time to raise the flap was 88 (σ = 7) min.
This is the first description of a nonliving biological simulation model for training in perforator flap dissection that mimics an ALT flap. As an ex vivo chicken model, it is a cost effective and readily accessible model suitable for repeated practice.
穿支皮瓣采集的临床前培训通常在活体动物模型上进行；然而，由于伦理和/或经济限制，这些模型无法进行重复培训。我们描述了一种使用鸡大腿的股前外侧皮瓣（ALT 皮瓣）训练模型，该模型似乎是在活体大鼠或猪模型中提升穿支皮瓣之前的合适训练模型。
本研究共使用了 10 条鸡腿。其中 6 条鸡腿进行解剖学解剖以确认穿支的存在，并确定主要血管树。在 4 条鸡腿中，根据穿支设计皮瓣，并在放大下进行肌肉内解剖。
所有解剖均识别出穿支，在距髌骨至股骨头部延伸线的第三近端上方 3cm 处始终可以找到穿支。在近端，动脉和静脉的平均直径分别为 0.56（σ=0.04）和 0.84（σ=0.06）mm。提起皮瓣的平均解剖时间为 88（σ=7）分钟。
这是首次描述用于穿支皮瓣解剖培训的非活体生物模拟模型，模拟了 ALT 皮瓣。作为一种离体鸡模型，它是一种经济有效的、易于获得的模型，适合重复练习。
