Peterson P D, Leonard K J, Miller J D, Laudon R J, Sutton T B
Clemson University, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC 29506.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
Plant Dis. 2005 Feb;89(2):159-163. doi: 10.1094/PD-89-0159.
A federal and state program operated from 1918 until the 1980s to eradicate common barberry (Berberis vulgaris), the alternate host of Puccinia graminis, from the major areas of cereal production in the United States. Over 500 million bushes were destroyed nationally during the program, approximately 1 million in Minnesota. Some sites in Minnesota where barberry bushes were destroyed remained in the "active" class when eradication was phased out in the 1980s. Active sites were defined as those on which there was still a possibility of emergence of barberry seedlings or sprouts arising from the parent bush. In the present study, from 1998 to 2002, 72 of the approximately 1,200 active sites in Minnesota were surveyed. Areas within 90 m of mapped locations of previously destroyed bushes were searched carefully at each site. Reemerged barberry plants were found on 32 sites. The reproductive status and GPS coordinates were recorded for each reemerged bush. More than 90% of the barberry bushes were found in counties with less than 400 ha of wheat per county, mostly in southeastern Minnesota, but one bush was found in a major wheat-producing county in northwestern Minnesota. Reemergence of barberry may serve as a source of new wheat stem rust races in future epidemics.
一项从1918年持续到20世纪80年代的联邦和州级项目，旨在从美国谷物生产的主要地区根除普通伏牛花（小檗），它是禾柄锈菌的转主寄主。在该项目期间，全国范围内超过5亿棵伏牛花被摧毁，明尼苏达州约有100万棵。20世纪80年代根除计划逐步淘汰时，明尼苏达州一些伏牛花被摧毁的地点仍属于“活跃”类别。活跃地点被定义为那些仍有可能从母株上长出伏牛花幼苗或新芽的地方。在本研究中，1998年至2002年期间，对明尼苏达州约1200个活跃地点中的72个进行了调查。在每个地点，对先前被摧毁灌木的地图位置90米范围内的区域进行了仔细搜索。在32个地点发现了重新出现的伏牛花植株。记录了每株重新出现的灌木的繁殖状态和GPS坐标。超过90%的伏牛花灌木出现在每个县小麦种植面积不足400公顷的县，主要在明尼苏达州东南部，但在明尼苏达州西北部一个主要的小麦生产县也发现了一株。伏牛花的重新出现可能会成为未来小麦秆锈病新小种的来源。
