Oelke L M, Kolmer J A
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Services Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul MN, 55108.
Plant Dis. 2004 Oct;88(10):1127-1133. doi: 10.1094/PDIS.2004.88.10.1127.
Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks., is the most common disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the United States and worldwide. The objective of this study was to characterize seedling and adult plant leaf rust resistance in hard red spring wheat cultivars grown in Minnesota, North Dakota, and South Dakota, and postulate the identity of the seedling leaf rust resistance genes in the cultivars. Twenty-six cultivars, near-isogenic lines of Thatcher wheat that differ for single leaf rust resistance genes, and three wheat cultivars with known leaf rust resistance genes, were tested with 11 different isolates of leaf rust collected from the United States and Canada. The leaf rust infection types produced on seedling plants of the cultivars in greenhouse tests were compared with the infection types produced by the same isolates on the Thatcher near-isogenic lines to postulate which seedling leaf rust resistance genes were present. Seedling leaf rust resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr10, Lr16, Lr21, and Lr24 were postulated to be present in spring wheat cultivars. Seedling genes Lr3, Lr14a, and Lr23 likely were present in some cultivars but could not be clearly identified in this study. Most of the cultivars had some level of adult plant leaf rust resistance, most likely due to Lr34. Cultivars that had seedling resistance genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr10, or Lr16 had poor to intermediate levels of leaf rust resistance in field plots. Cultivars with combinations of seedling resistance genes Lr16 and Lr24 with additional adult plant resistance were highly resistant to leaf rust.
由小麦叶锈菌（Puccinia triticina Eriks.）引起的叶锈病是美国乃至全球小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）最常见的病害。本研究的目的是鉴定在明尼苏达州、北达科他州和南达科他州种植的硬红春小麦品种的幼苗和成株叶锈病抗性，并推测这些品种中幼苗叶锈病抗性基因的身份。用从美国和加拿大收集的11种不同的叶锈菌分离株，对26个品种、Thatcher小麦的单叶锈病抗性基因不同的近等基因系，以及3个已知叶锈病抗性基因的小麦品种进行了测试。将温室试验中这些品种幼苗上产生的叶锈病侵染类型，与相同分离株在Thatcher近等基因系上产生的侵染类型进行比较，以推测存在哪些幼苗叶锈病抗性基因。推测春小麦品种中存在幼苗叶锈病抗性基因Lr1、Lr2a、Lr10、Lr16、Lr21和Lr24。幼苗基因Lr3、Lr14a和Lr23可能存在于一些品种中，但在本研究中无法明确鉴定。大多数品种具有一定程度的成株叶锈病抗性，最有可能是由于Lr34。具有幼苗抗性基因Lr1、Lr2a、Lr10或Lr16的品种，在田间试验中对叶锈病的抗性水平较差至中等。具有幼苗抗性基因Lr16和Lr24组合以及额外成株抗性的品种对叶锈病具有高度抗性。
