Díaz-Martínez María E, Argumedo-Delira Rosalba, Sánchez-Viveros Gabriela, Alarcón Alejandro, Mendoza-López Ma Remedios
Posgrado en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Veracruzana, Circuito Gonzalo Aguirre Beltrán s/n, 91000, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo en Resolución Analítica (SARA), Universidad Veracruzana, Luis Castelazo Ayala s/n, Col. Industrial Animas, 91190, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
Curr Microbiol. 2019 May;76(5):536-544. doi: 10.1007/s00284-019-01646-3. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
Electronic waste (E-Waste) is consumed at high speed in the world. These residues contain metals that increase their price each year, generating new research on the ability of microorganisms to recover the metals from these wastes. Therefore, this work evaluated the biologic lixiviation of Cu, Ag and Au from printed circuit boards (PCB) of mobile phones by three strains of Aspergillus niger, Candida orthopsilosis, Sphingomonas sp. and their respective consortia, in addition to leaching with citric acid. The microorganisms were cultured in mineral media with 0.5 g of PCB, and the treatments with 1M citric acid were added the same amount of PCB. All treatments were incubated for 35 days at room temperature. The results showed that Sphingomonas sp. MXB8 and the consortium of C. orthopsilosis MXL20 and A. niger MXPE6 can increase their dry biomass by 147% and 126%, respectively, in the presence of PCB. In the bioleaching of metals, the inoculation of A. niger MXPE6, the consortium of Sphingomonas sp. MXB8/C. orthopsilosis MXL20 and Sphingomonas sp. MXB8 leached 54%, 44.2% and 35.8% of Ag. The consortium of A. niger MX5 and A. niger MXPE6 showed a leaching of 0.53% of Au. A. niger MX5 leaching 2.8% Cu. Citric acid increased Cu leaching by 280% compared to treatments inoculated with microorganisms. Although further research is required, A. niger MXPE6 and the consortium of Sphingomonas sp. MXB8/C. orthopsilosis MXL20 could be an alternative to recover Ag from PCB of mobile phones.
电子垃圾（电子废弃物）在全球正被高速消耗。这些残渣含有金属，其价格逐年上涨，这引发了关于微生物从这些废弃物中回收金属能力的新研究。因此，本研究评估了黑曲霉、正假丝酵母、鞘氨醇单胞菌三株菌株及其各自的菌群对手机印刷电路板（PCB）中铜、银和金的生物浸出作用，此外还进行了柠檬酸浸出。将微生物在含有0.5克PCB的矿物培养基中培养，用1M柠檬酸处理时添加相同量的PCB。所有处理在室温下孵育35天。结果表明，在有PCB存在的情况下，鞘氨醇单胞菌MXB8以及正假丝酵母MXL20和黑曲霉MXPE6的菌群，其干生物量可分别增加147%和126%。在金属生物浸出方面，接种黑曲霉MXPE6、鞘氨醇单胞菌MXB8/正假丝酵母MXL20的菌群以及鞘氨醇单胞菌MXB8分别浸出了54%、44.2%和35.8%的银。黑曲霉MX5和黑曲霉MXPE6的菌群浸出了0.53%的金。黑曲霉MX5浸出了2.8%的铜。与接种微生物的处理相比，柠檬酸使铜的浸出量增加了280%。尽管还需要进一步研究，但黑曲霉MXPE6以及鞘氨醇单胞菌MXB8/正假丝酵母MXL20的菌群可能是从手机PCB中回收银的一种替代方法。
