Department of Animal Reproduction Biotechnology and Environmental Hygiene, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Janickiego 29, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Toxicology, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Papieża Pawła VI 3, 71-459, Szczecin, Poland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Apr;26(11):11300-11313. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04586-4. Epub 2019 Feb 22.
The Baltic Sea is known to be severely polluted by a range of chemicals, one group of which being PCBs. Although the use and production of PCBs were limited or banned in many countries in the 1970s, their presence is still observed in the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate PCBs concentration in four species of diving sea ducks, interspecies and tissues differences, and in the case of game species, comparison of the obtained results with maximal residue levels (MRLs) and tolerable weekly intake (TWI). The level of Σi-PCBs was noted in most examined samples (liver, muscle, fat tissue) at levels ranging between < LoD and 2315.45 ng/g lw. The dominant congener was PCB 153, followed by PCB 180 and 138. The mean dl-PCB-TEQ value in the muscles of the tested tufted ducks and common pochards was 0.31 and 0.71 pg-TEQ/g lw, respectively, which is 8-25 and 18-57% of the TEQ maximum limit (ML) value for farm animal muscles. The average decrease in i-ΣPCB concentration in the fat tissue of ducks wintering in the Baltic Sea southern coast was found to be 2.9-3.3%/year. The analysis of PCB residues indicates that the common pochard and tufted duck are not suitable for consumption due to high Σi-PCB concentrations. However, the regular consumption of muscle and liver of game birds does not result in an unacceptable intake of dl-PCBs, i.e., above the TWI value.
波罗的海受到多种化学物质的严重污染，其中一组是多氯联苯（PCBs）。尽管 20 世纪 70 年代许多国家限制或禁止使用和生产 PCB，但它们仍然存在于环境中。本研究的目的是评估四种潜水鸭种体内的 PCBs 浓度、种间和组织间差异，并在针对狩猎物种的情况下，将获得的结果与最大残留限量（MRLs）和可耐受每周摄入量（TWI）进行比较。在所检查的大多数样本（肝脏、肌肉、脂肪组织）中，Σi-PCBs 的水平在 < LoD 和 2315.45 ng/g lw 之间。优势同系物是 PCB 153，其次是 PCB 180 和 138。在所测试的凤头潜鸭和普通秋沙鸭肌肉中的 dl-PCB-TEQ 值分别为 0.31 和 0.71 pg-TEQ/g lw，分别为动物肌肉的 TEQ 最大限量（ML）值的 8-25%和 18-57%。在波罗的海南部沿海越冬的鸭子的脂肪组织中，i-ΣPCB 浓度的平均下降率为每年 2.9-3.3%。PCB 残留分析表明，由于高浓度的 Σi-PCB，普通秋沙鸭和凤头潜鸭不适合食用。然而，经常食用狩猎鸟类的肌肉和肝脏不会导致 dl-PCBs 的摄入量不可接受，即超过 TWI 值。
