Popov Sergii V, Smyian Oleksandr I, Loboda Andrii N, Redko Olena K, Bokova Svitlana I, Moshchych Oleksandr P, Petrashenko Viktoriia O, Kasian Svitlana N, Savchuk Olena V
Sumy State University, Department of Pediatrics, Sumy, Ukraine
Wiad Lek. 2019;72(1):79-83.
Introduction: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the main cause of morbidity in most countries. The probability of complications and age determine antibiotics administration. Antibiotic associated diarrhea (AAD) is one of the side effects of antibiotics. The aim: The study of the prevalence rate of AAD and the characteristics of its development in children with ARI.
Materials and methods: The study included 75 children aged from 1 to 12 y diagnosed with ARI, who were treated with age-specific doses of antibiotics. The influence of children's anamnesis, parents' health on the development of AAD was studied with odds ratio calculation (OR).
Results: In general, AAD incidence was 52%. The highest frequency 59.3% was observed in children under 3 y. AAD most often developed in children treated with amoxicillin - 92%. The greatest dependence of AAD development was connected with breastfeeding less than 6 months - OR was 7.65, preterm birth - 2.9, functional GIT disorders in anamnesis - up to 3.14, allergy - 2.33. The risk of AAD development increased with the age of parents more than 35 y - 5.03, at the age of parents less than 18 and older than 35 y - 4.09, parents' allergies - 3.74 and parents smoking - 2.43.
Conclusions: The most important factors of AAD development on antibiotics therapy in children with ARI are breastfeeding less than 6 months, functional GIT disorders and allergic conditions in anamnesis. Suboptimal age and parents' health (GIT disorders, allergic conditions and unhealthy habits) also increase the risk of AAD development.
引言：急性呼吸道感染（ARI）是大多数国家发病的主要原因。并发症的可能性和年龄决定抗生素的使用。抗生素相关性腹泻（AAD）是抗生素的副作用之一。目的：研究ARI患儿中AAD的患病率及其发展特征。
材料与方法：该研究纳入了75名年龄在1至12岁之间被诊断为ARI的儿童，他们接受了按年龄特定剂量的抗生素治疗。通过计算比值比（OR）研究儿童既往史、父母健康状况对AAD发生的影响。
结果：总体而言，AAD发病率为52%。3岁以下儿童中观察到的最高频率为59.3%。AAD最常发生在接受阿莫西林治疗的儿童中——占92%。AAD发生的最大相关性与母乳喂养少于6个月——OR为7.65、早产——2.9、既往史中有功能性胃肠道疾病——高达3.14、过敏——2.33有关。父母年龄超过35岁时AAD发生风险增加——5.03，父母年龄小于18岁且大于35岁时——4.09，父母过敏——3.74以及父母吸烟——2.43。
结论：ARI患儿抗生素治疗中AAD发生的最重要因素是母乳喂养少于6个月、功能性胃肠道疾病以及既往史中的过敏情况。不合适的年龄和父母健康状况（胃肠道疾病、过敏情况和不健康习惯）也会增加AAD发生的风险。
